Dudley D K
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1985 Jan 15;151(2):196-200. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(85)90011-0.
Severe hypertension poses immediate and potentially lethal maternal risks. Prompt reduction in blood pressure should be an urgent priority, with concomitant anticonvulsant therapy. Previous reports confirm intravenous diazoxide to be an effective agent. Concern exists over adverse reactions associated with bolus injection of the standard 300 mg dose. Many physicians are unaware that diazoxide may be given in increments. This study describes the use of diazoxide in 34 patients with severe preeclampsia. They received minibolus injections of 30 mg every 1 to 2 minutes. The maximum dose required was 150 mg and no maternal hypotension occurred. Maternal side effects were minimal and no cases of fetal distress occurred; a perinatal mortality was zero. It appears that minibolus diazoxide rapidly lowers maternal blood pressure without the adverse effects described with a standard bolus dose. Its advantages are contrasted with the limitations of conventional hydralazine therapy.
重度高血压会给孕产妇带来直接且可能致命的风险。迅速降低血压应作为当务之急，并同时进行抗惊厥治疗。既往报告证实静脉注射二氮嗪是一种有效的药物。对于标准300毫克剂量推注所伴随的不良反应存在担忧。许多医生并不知晓二氮嗪可以递增给药。本研究描述了34例重度子痫前期患者使用二氮嗪的情况。他们每1至2分钟接受30毫克的小剂量推注。所需最大剂量为150毫克，未发生孕产妇低血压。孕产妇副作用极小，未出现胎儿窘迫病例；围产期死亡率为零。小剂量推注二氮嗪似乎能迅速降低孕产妇血压，且无标准推注剂量所描述的不良反应。其优势与传统肼屈嗪治疗的局限性形成对比。
