Zhang Chen, Hao Lei, Zhu Yadong, Zhang Xiaojia, Zhao Hongfei, Zhang Bolin
Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, College of Biological Science & Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, College of Biological Science & Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 Feb;289:138771. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.138771. Epub 2024 Dec 17.
Schisandra Sphenanthera polysaccharides fractions (SSPs), namely SSP40, SSP60, and SSP80, were obtained by gradient precipitation with 40 %, 60 %, and 80 % (v/v) ethanol, respectively. It was found that gradient ethanol precipitation (GEP) significantly affected the physicochemical and structural characteristics of SSPs, including molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, and surface morphology. Compared to fractions SSP40 and SSP60, SSP80 was observed to have a lower molecular weight (22.58 kDa) and certain specific monosaccharide composition, such as lower glucose content and higher galactose, arabinose, rhamnose, and galacturonic acid content. Furthermore, the apparent porosity of the SSPs increased with increasing ethanol concentration in GEP. After fermentation at 37 °C for 48 h, fraction SSP80 prominently promoted the production of more short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), increasing from an initial 1.39 ± 0.08 to 26.75 ± 0.54 mmol/L. The SSP fraction types extracted by GEP greatly affected the modulation of the intestinal microflora at different levels. The SSP80 fraction with excellent structure demonstrated the best ability to modulate the intestinal microflora by increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium and Dialister and decreasing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella. The remarkable differences in modulating the intestinal microflora confirmed the importance of carefully selecting GEP to fraction SSPs that promote health.
北五味子多糖级分（SSPs），即SSP40、SSP60和SSP80，分别通过用40%、60%和80%（v/v）乙醇进行梯度沉淀获得。研究发现，梯度乙醇沉淀（GEP）显著影响了SSPs的物理化学和结构特征，包括分子量、单糖组成和表面形态。与级分SSP40和SSP60相比，观察到SSP80具有较低的分子量（22.58 kDa）和特定的单糖组成，如较低的葡萄糖含量以及较高的半乳糖、阿拉伯糖、鼠李糖和半乳糖醛酸含量。此外，在GEP中，SSPs的表观孔隙率随着乙醇浓度的增加而增加。在37°C发酵48小时后，级分SSP80显著促进了更多短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）的产生，从初始的1.39±0.08 mmol/L增加到26.75±0.54 mmol/L。通过GEP提取的SSP级分类型在不同水平上极大地影响了肠道微生物群的调节。具有优异结构的SSP80级分通过增加拟杆菌属、粪杆菌属和戴阿利斯特菌属的相对丰度以及降低埃希氏菌-志贺氏菌属的相对丰度，表现出最佳的调节肠道微生物群的能力。在调节肠道微生物群方面的显著差异证实了仔细选择GEP来分离促进健康的SSPs的重要性。
