Rabuel V, Pelissier A, Essid L, Guillen K, Zwetyenga N, Cheynel N, Guillier D
Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dijon University Hospital, Boulevard de Lattre de Tassigny, 21000, Dijon, France.
Laboratoire d'Anatomie de Bourgogne (LAB0), UFR Sciences de Santé, Université Bourgogne-Europe, 7 Bd Jeanne d'Arc, 21000, Dijon, France.
Surg Radiol Anat. 2024 Dec 19;47(1):38. doi: 10.1007/s00276-024-03545-0.
The foramen tympanicum (FT) is an anatomical variation of the tympanic part of the temporal bone located in the anteroinferior part of the external auditory pore (EAP) and posteromedial to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The FT is most often asymptomatic, but it can be symptomatic in rare cases. The prevalence of FT varies widely in the literature. The aim of our study was to determine the radiological prevalence in a European population.
We retrospectively analyzed the presence of FT in all patients who underwent brain or rock scans from January 2021 to July 2022 in University Hospital. Demographic characteristics such as age and gender were collected. Morphometric measurements on the FT were also carried out manually: axial, sagittal and area calculation. Binomial test, Pearson's Chi2 test or Student's T test were carried out according to the type of analysis.
A total of 2040 patients were included. 145 patients with FT were identified, giving a prevalence of 7.11%. FT were unilateral in 39% and bilateral in 61% of cases (p = 0.008). Women were statistically more likely to have one (p = 0.00002). Higher age was correlated with an increase in the prevalence of FT (p = 0.03). The morphometric measurements did not reveal any differences depending on the side.
This study is the largest series of Computed Tomography (CT) scans on the prevalence of foramen tympanicum. Although rare, every surgeon must keep in mind this anatomical entity to limit the risk during a surgical procedure.
鼓室孔（FT）是颞骨鼓部的一种解剖变异，位于外耳道孔（EAP）的前下部，颞下颌关节（TMJ）的后内侧。FT通常无症状，但在罕见情况下可能有症状。FT的患病率在文献中差异很大。我们研究的目的是确定欧洲人群中的放射学患病率。
我们回顾性分析了2021年1月至2022年7月在大学医院接受脑部或岩骨扫描的所有患者中FT的存在情况。收集了年龄和性别等人口统计学特征。还手动对FT进行了形态学测量：轴向、矢状和面积计算。根据分析类型进行二项式检验、Pearson卡方检验或学生t检验。
共纳入2040例患者。确定了145例FT患者，患病率为7.11%。39%的病例FT为单侧，61%为双侧（p = 0.008）。女性在统计学上更有可能有一个FT（p = 0.00002）。年龄越大，FT的患病率越高（p = 0.03）。形态学测量未发现两侧有任何差异。
本研究是关于鼓室孔患病率的最大系列计算机断层扫描（CT）研究。尽管罕见，但每位外科医生在手术过程中都必须牢记这一解剖结构，以降低风险。
