Zheng Juan, Xu Jianqiang, Wu Yuhang, Xu Shuo, Gao Yang
School of Management, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Front Psychol. 2024 Dec 5;15:1454662. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1454662. eCollection 2024.
The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of intergenerational support and activities of daily living (ADL) on psychological distress in older adults, and to analyse the effects of the interaction between ADL and intergenerational support on psychological distress in older adults.
A probability sample of 1,065 older adults aged 60 and above was conducted in Xuzhou, China, from 18 June to 26 August 2023. ADL was assessed using the ADL scale combined with the Barthel Index; Intergenerational support was measured using the Intergenerational Support Scale; and psychological distress was measured using the Kessler 10 scale. An ordered multichotomous logistic regression model was constructed to analyse the factors influencing psychological distress in the elderly. The interaction model was constructed by one-way analysis of variance to further analyse the effect of the interaction between financial support, instrumental support and emotional support and ADL on psychological distress in the elderly.
Elderly living in rural areas, with an annual household income of less than 30,000 yuan, who engaged in manual labor before retirement, who did not receive financial support and who received instrumental support were more likely to experience psychological distress, and the higher the degree of restriction in ADL, the higher the risk of psychological distress. A significant interaction was observed between ADL and financial support ( = 221.570, < 0.05), as well as between ADL and emotional support ( = 399.805, < 0.01). Additionally, a significant interaction was found among ADL, financial support, and instrumental support ( = 227.187, < 0.05).
(1) A significant association between place of residence, annual household income, occupation, financial support, instrumental support, ADL, and psychological distress in older adults; (2) When the level of ADL was moderate, the risk of psychological distress in older adults who received emotional support was significantly lower than that of older people who did not receive emotional intergenerational support; When the level of ADL was completely independent, financial support was beneficial in reducing psychological distress in the elderly; (3) the risk of psychological distress in the elderly who received instrumental support increased with the severity of ADL limitations, regardless of whether they received additional financial support.
本研究旨在探讨代际支持和日常生活活动（ADL）对老年人心理困扰的影响，并分析ADL与代际支持之间的相互作用对老年人心理困扰的影响。
2023年6月18日至8月26日在中国徐州对1065名60岁及以上的老年人进行了概率抽样。使用ADL量表结合巴氏指数评估ADL；使用代际支持量表测量代际支持；使用凯斯勒10量表测量心理困扰。构建有序多分类逻辑回归模型分析影响老年人心理困扰的因素。通过单因素方差分析构建交互作用模型，进一步分析经济支持、工具性支持和情感支持与ADL之间的相互作用对老年人心理困扰的影响。
居住在农村地区、家庭年收入低于3万元、退休前从事体力劳动、未获得经济支持且获得工具性支持的老年人更容易出现心理困扰，ADL受限程度越高，心理困扰风险越高。观察到ADL与经济支持之间存在显著交互作用（=221.570，<0.05），以及ADL与情感支持之间存在显著交互作用（=399.805，<0.01）。此外，在ADL、经济支持和工具性支持之间发现了显著的交互作用（=227.187，<0.05）。
（1）老年人的居住地点、家庭年收入、职业、经济支持、工具性支持、ADL与心理困扰之间存在显著关联；（2）当ADL水平为中等时，获得情感支持的老年人心理困扰风险显著低于未获得代际情感支持的老年人；当ADL水平完全独立时，经济支持有利于减轻老年人的心理困扰；（3）获得工具性支持的老年人心理困扰风险随着ADL受限程度的加重而增加，无论他们是否获得额外的经济支持。
