Zhang Xiaomei, Tan Ruirui, Jia Xinyan, Wu Xingquan, Sun Hongdong, Xue Liyuan, Qi Chenxi, Yang Yonggang, Wang Zhaohui
College of Acupuncture and Massage, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.
Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shenzhen Baoan Authentic TCM Therapy Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Dec 20;103(51):e40622. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000040622.
Previous studies have demonstrated a correlation between dietary salt intake and stroke; however, there was a lack of conclusive evidence regarding a causal connection between them. We undertook a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to examine their potential association. The genome-wide data for dietary salt intake was sourced from genome-wide association study that involved 462,630 samples. Genetic instruments for stroke were also obtained from genome-wide association study, which included 446,696 samples. Both samples were from European. The inverse variance weighting was used as the main method in MR analysis. We also performed several complementary MR methods, including MR-Egger, position weighted median, simple model, and weighted model. Our results showed that there was no causal relationship between dietary salt intake and stroke, which was genetically determined (fixed-effects inverse variance weighted: odds ratio, 0.95; 95% confidence interval, 0.74-1.21; P = .67). Neither Cochran Q test (P = .52) nor MR-Egger method (P = .48) found obvious heterogeneity; in addition, the MR pleiotropy residual sum and outliers global test (P = .52) and MR-Egger regression intercept (P = .74) also showed no pleiotropy. The result of our MR study showed that there was no direct causal relationship between dietary salt intake and stroke risk. More studies were required to further confirm the stability of this relationship and to trying applied the findings to the clinic.
以往的研究已经证明饮食中盐的摄入量与中风之间存在关联；然而，关于它们之间的因果关系，缺乏确凿的证据。我们进行了一项两样本孟德尔随机化（MR）研究，以检验它们之间的潜在关联。饮食中盐摄入量的全基因组数据来自一项涉及462,630个样本的全基因组关联研究。中风的遗传工具也从全基因组关联研究中获得，该研究包括446,696个样本。两个样本均来自欧洲人。逆方差加权法被用作MR分析的主要方法。我们还进行了几种补充性的MR方法，包括MR-Egger法、位置加权中位数法、简单模型法和加权模型法。我们的结果表明，饮食中盐的摄入量与中风之间不存在遗传决定的因果关系（固定效应逆方差加权法：比值比，0.95；95%置信区间，0.74 - 1.21；P = 0.67）。Cochran Q检验（P = 0.52）和MR-Egger法（P = 0.48）均未发现明显的异质性；此外，MR多效性残差总和与异常值全局检验（P = 0.52）以及MR-Egger回归截距（P = 0.74）也均未显示多效性。我们的MR研究结果表明，饮食中盐的摄入量与中风风险之间不存在直接的因果关系。需要更多的研究来进一步证实这种关系的稳定性，并尝试将这些发现应用于临床。
