Tulloch Catherine, Browne Matthew, Rockloff Matthew, Hing Nerilee, Hilbrecht Margo
Experimental Gambling Research Laboratory, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Australia.
The Vanier Institute of the Family, Ontario, Canada; The Department of Recreation & Leisure Studies, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Addict Behav. 2025 Mar;162:108236. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108236. Epub 2024 Dec 17.
Gambling-related harms can negatively impact the health and wellbeing of those around the person who gambles (affected others, AOs). The stress-strain-coping-support (SSCS) model proposes that the type of coping strategies AOs use, and the availability of social support, can effectively reduce some of these negative consequences. The current study aimed to explore the assumptions in the SSCS model by examining the role of coping styles and social support on the experience of harm and psychological distress in AOs.
A community sample (N = 1,131) of AOs completed the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI), Gambling Harm Scale for Affected Others (GHS-AO-20; harm), Significant Other Closeness Scale, Kessler-6 (K6; psychological distress), Brief Coping Questionnaire (coping styles) and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (social support). Data were analysed using hierarchical multiple regression.
The use of maladaptive coping styles was positively associated with harm and psychological distress. Social support was significantly negatively correlated with harm and distress. When all predictors were included in regression analyses, the only significant predictors of harm and distress were being exposed to a more severe gambling problem, being closer to the person with the gambling problem, greater use of maladaptive coping styles, and lower levels of social support. Some interaction effects were identified.
Some commonly used coping behaviours may inadvertently exacerbate harm and distress, while social support appears to be protective against negative health impacts. Education, treatment, and support to AOs could provide options that address these findings.
与赌博相关的危害会对赌博者周围人的健康和幸福产生负面影响（受影响的他人，AO）。压力-应变-应对-支持（SSCS）模型提出，AO使用的应对策略类型以及社会支持的可获得性，可以有效减少其中一些负面后果。本研究旨在通过考察应对方式和社会支持在AO的危害体验和心理困扰中的作用，来探讨SSCS模型中的假设。
一个由AO组成的社区样本（N = 1131）完成了问题赌博严重程度指数（PGSI）、受影响他人的赌博危害量表（GHS-AO-20；危害）、重要他人亲密程度量表、凯斯勒6项量表（K6；心理困扰）、简短应对问卷（应对方式）和感知社会支持多维量表（社会支持）。使用分层多元回归分析数据。
适应不良应对方式的使用与危害和心理困扰呈正相关。社会支持与危害和困扰显著负相关。当所有预测变量纳入回归分析时，危害和困扰的唯一显著预测因素是接触到更严重的赌博问题、与有赌博问题的人关系更密切、更多地使用适应不良应对方式以及社会支持水平较低。还发现了一些交互作用。
一些常用的应对行为可能会无意中加剧危害和困扰，而社会支持似乎可以预防负面健康影响。对AO的教育、治疗和支持可以提供应对这些研究结果的选择。
