Mintz Kevin T, Stramondo Joseph A, Tabor Holly K
Hastings Cent Rep. 2024 Dec;54 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):S41-S48. doi: 10.1002/hast.4928.
Sixty-one million Americans and approximately a billion people worldwide live with some form of disability that limits one or more major life activities. The field of precision medicine continues to grapple with how to best serve disability communities. In this paper, we suggest that precision medicine faces an ethical tension between its goal to treat or cure disabling conditions and views that consider disability as a marginalized identity. We appeal to the concepts of recognition justice and distributive justice to argue that the ELSI community should take a more proactive role in promoting disability inclusion in precision medicine's practice and research. We also highlight two priorities for the ELSI community moving forward: facilitating greater collaboration between genetics and genomic professionals and disability communities and advocating for inclusive research design and disability accommodations in the research process.
在美国,有6100万人患有某种形式的残疾,全球约有10亿人患有此类残疾,这些残疾限制了一项或多项主要生活活动。精准医学领域仍在努力解决如何最好地为残疾群体服务的问题。在本文中,我们认为,精准医学在其治疗或治愈致残疾病的目标与将残疾视为边缘化身份的观点之间面临着伦理困境。我们呼吁承认正义和分配正义的概念,以论证伦理、法律与社会影响(ELSI)群体应在促进精准医学实践和研究中纳入残疾群体方面发挥更积极的作用。我们还强调了ELSI群体未来的两个优先事项:促进遗传学和基因组学专业人员与残疾群体之间的更多合作,以及在研究过程中倡导包容性研究设计和为残疾群体提供便利。