Kim Dahye, Lee Myung Kyung
College of Nursing, Kyungpook National University Graduate School.
College of Nursing, Research Institute of Nursing Innovation, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.
Semin Oncol Nurs. 2025 Feb;41(1):151797. doi: 10.1016/j.soncn.2024.151797. Epub 2024 Dec 21.
This article aims to investigate the effects of a postoperative dietary intervention on fatigue, self-efficacy in managing gastrointestinal side effects, self-efficacy for nutritional management, self-care activity, and unmet nursing needs among patients with gastric cancer who have undergone gastrectomy.
We used a quasi-experimental study design (nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest). Data were collected from 59 patients with gastric cancer (30 in the experimental group and 29 in the control patients) hospitalized for gastrectomy in Daegu, South Korea. The control group completed a preintervention survey, received routine care, and then completed a postintervention survey. After the control group finished their routine care and tests, the experimental group received a postoperative dietary intervention. This intervention included individual face-to-face education and telephone counseling on managing gastrectomy side effects, eating methods to prevent symptoms, foods to avoid, ways to consume sufficient calories, maintaining a balanced diet, and pledge writing. The control group served as a waitlist control. After all interventions and tests for the experimental group were completed, the same dietary intervention was offered to the control group upon their request. This experimental study was conducted from June 2021 to February 2023.
Compared with the control group, the experimental group showed significant improvements in fatigue (P = .005), self-efficacy in managing gastrointestinal side effects (P < .001), self-efficacy for nutritional management (P = .03), self-care activity (P < .001), and unmet nursing needs (P < .001).
Postoperative dietary interventions contribute to improving self-efficacy, fatigue levels, and self-care activity among patients with gastric cancer.
Upon discharge, implementing a needs-based and loss-framed message-based dietary intervention, alongside routine discharge education, for patients who underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancer can enhance fatigue levels, self-efficacy in managing nutrition and gastrointestinal side effects, self-care activity, and unmet nursing needs.
本文旨在探讨术后饮食干预对接受胃切除术的胃癌患者疲劳、管理胃肠道副作用的自我效能、营养管理自我效能、自我护理活动以及未满足的护理需求的影响。
我们采用了准实验研究设计（非等效对照组前测-后测）。数据收集自韩国大邱市因胃切除术住院的59例胃癌患者（实验组30例，对照组29例）。对照组完成干预前调查，接受常规护理，然后完成干预后调查。在对照组完成常规护理和检查后，实验组接受术后饮食干预。该干预包括关于管理胃切除术后副作用、预防症状的饮食方法、应避免的食物、摄入足够热量的方法、保持均衡饮食以及撰写承诺书的个人面对面教育和电话咨询。对照组作为候补对照组。在实验组完成所有干预和检查后，对照组可根据要求接受相同的饮食干预。本实验研究于2021年6月至2023年2月进行。
与对照组相比，实验组在疲劳（P = 0.005）、管理胃肠道副作用的自我效能（P < 0.001）、营养管理自我效能（P = 0.03）、自我护理活动（P < 0.001）以及未满足的护理需求（P < 0.001）方面有显著改善。
术后饮食干预有助于提高胃癌患者的自我效能、疲劳水平和自我护理活动。
对护理实践 的启示：对于因胃癌接受胃切除术的患者，出院时实施基于需求和基于损失框架信息的饮食干预，同时进行常规出院教育，可以提高疲劳水平、管理营养和胃肠道副作用的自我效能、自我护理活动以及未满足的护理需求。
