Wang Huimin, Li Xinyi, Zhang Guozhu, Gu Zihan, Chen Hao, Wei Guanghua, Shen Shuiyun, Cheng Junfang, Zhang Junliang
Paris Elite Institute of Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
Institute of Fuel Cells, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
Small. 2025 Feb;21(6):e2410407. doi: 10.1002/smll.202410407. Epub 2024 Dec 23.
Proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolysis faces challenges associated with high overpotential and acidic environments, which pose significant hurdles in developing highly active and durable electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Ir-based nanomaterials are considered promising OER catalysts for PEM due to their favorable intrinsic activity and stability under acidic conditions. However, their high cost and limited availability pose significant limitations. Consequently, numerous studies have emerged aimed at reducing iridium content while maintaining high activity and durability. Furthermore, the research on the OER mechanism of Ir-based catalysts has garnered widespread attention due to differing views among researchers. The recent progress in balancing activity, durability, and low iridium content in Ir-based catalysts is summarized in this review, with a particular focus on the effects of catalyst morphology, heteroatom doping, substrate introduction, and novel structure development on catalyst performance from four perspectives. Additionally, the recent mechanistic studies on Ir-based OER catalysts is discussed, and both theoretical and experimental approaches is summarized to elucidate the Ir-based OER mechanism. Finally, the perspectives on the challenges and future developments of Ir-based OER catalysts is presented.
质子交换膜（PEM）电解面临着与高过电位和酸性环境相关的挑战，这在开发用于析氧反应（OER）的高活性和耐用性电催化剂方面构成了重大障碍。基于铱的纳米材料因其在酸性条件下具有良好的本征活性和稳定性，被认为是用于PEM的有前景的OER催化剂。然而，它们的高成本和有限的可用性构成了重大限制。因此，出现了许多旨在降低铱含量同时保持高活性和耐用性的研究。此外，由于研究人员之间存在不同观点，基于铱的催化剂的OER机理研究受到了广泛关注。本综述总结了基于铱的催化剂在平衡活性、耐用性和低铱含量方面的最新进展，特别从四个角度关注催化剂形态、杂原子掺杂、基底引入和新型结构开发对催化剂性能的影响。此外，还讨论了基于铱的OER催化剂的近期机理研究，并总结了理论和实验方法以阐明基于铱的OER机理。最后，提出了对基于铱的OER催化剂的挑战和未来发展的展望。
