Velez Gabriel, Mahajan Vinit B, Weigel Ronald J, Lentz Steven R
From the Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA.
Department of Ophthalmology, Molecular Surgery Laboratory, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA.
Ann Surg Open. 2024 Nov 25;5(4):e521. doi: 10.1097/AS9.0000000000000521. eCollection 2024 Dec.
To determine if dual-degree training [ie, completion of a National Institutes of Health (NIH)-funded MD/PhD program], among other professional development and demographic variables, predicted academic productivity (eg, K-to-R conversion, number of publications, etc.) among early-career surgeon-scientists.
We analyzed publicly available data from the National MD/PhD Program Outcomes Study and the Association of American Medical Colleges Graduate Medical Education Track database to identify trends in the number and proportion of MD/PhD graduates pursuing surgical specialties. NIH Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tool Expenditures and Results was interrogated to identify a cohort of early-career academic surgeon-scientists receiving K-awards from 2011 to 2021.
The total number of MD/PhD program graduates completing Graduate Medical Education training increased each decade after the Medical Scientist Training Program was established by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, but the proportion completing surgical specialties did not change significantly ( = 0.96) from 1965 to 2014. More recent residency match trends demonstrate an increase in both the proportion and number of MD/PhD graduates entering surgical specialties, with 21.5% entering surgical residency training in 2020. Among 476 early-career academic surgeon-scientists receiving K-awards at 70 institutions, 27% were faculty members at only 4 universities, suggesting that federally funded surgeon-scientists are concentrated at a small number of institutions. Although MD/PhD graduates represented only 2.3% of active surgical residents from 2011 to 2020, they constituted a much higher fraction of K-awardees (29%). Of 296 surgeon-scientists who completed K-awards, 35% successfully obtained an R01-equivalent award.
These findings emphasize the need for comprehensive career development and institutional resources to support early-career surgeon-scientists.
确定双学位培训[即完成由美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）资助的医学博士/哲学博士项目]以及其他专业发展和人口统计学变量，是否能预测早期职业外科科学家的学术生产力（如从K奖到R01奖的转换、出版物数量等）。
我们分析了来自全国医学博士/哲学博士项目成果研究以及美国医学院协会研究生医学教育轨迹数据库的公开数据，以确定攻读外科专业的医学博士/哲学博士毕业生的数量和比例趋势。通过查询NIH研究项目在线报告工具的支出和结果，确定了2011年至2021年期间获得K奖的早期职业学术外科科学家群体。
自国立综合医学科学研究所设立医学科学家培训项目以来，每十年完成研究生医学教育培训的医学博士/哲学博士项目毕业生总数都在增加，但从1965年到2014年，完成外科专业培训的比例没有显著变化（=0.96）。最近的住院医师匹配趋势表明，进入外科专业的医学博士/哲学博士毕业生的比例和数量都有所增加，2020年有21.5%的人进入外科住院医师培训。在70所机构中获得K奖的476名早期职业学术外科科学家中，27%是仅4所大学的教员，这表明获得联邦资助的外科科学家集中在少数机构。尽管2011年至2020年期间，医学博士/哲学博士毕业生仅占活跃外科住院医师的2.3%，但他们在K奖获得者中所占比例要高得多（29%）。在296名完成K奖的外科科学家中，35%成功获得了相当于R01的奖项。
这些发现强调了需要全面的职业发展和机构资源来支持早期职业外科科学家。
