Amen Shwan, Rasool Banan Q, Balisani Aya, Tariq Dahen, Al Lami Bareq S, Stefan Maria-Alina, Khdher Shadan N, Mohammed Ahmed L, Majeed Hiba H, Taha Paiman, Omar Dhuha A, Sulaiman Baran K, Bakr Chro M
Cardiology, Surgical Specialty Hospital, Erbil, IRQ.
Research and Development, Erbil Cardiovascular Research Center, Erbil, IRQ.
Cureus. 2024 Nov 19;16(11):e74055. doi: 10.7759/cureus.74055. eCollection 2024 Nov.
Background Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder that's characterized by episodes of a complete or partial collapse of the upper airway with an associated decrease in oxygen saturation or arousal from sleep. According to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM), OSA is categorized based on polysomnography findings into mild, moderate, and severe. Objectives This study aims at determining the prevalence of the severities of OSA in Erbil, Kurdistan Region of Iraq, as well as discovering the predictors for severe OSA. Methods This was a cross-sectional study that was carried out from December 2021 to July 2023 on patients displaying OSA symptoms in a sleep study section of a private clinic in Erbil, Kurdistan Region of Iraq. A detailed questionnaire was designed to collect the data, and IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 26 (Released 2019; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States) was used to analyze it. The polysomnography device used for the diagnosis of OSA was a Philips Respironics Alice NightOne home device, and Philips Respironics Sleepware G3 (Koninklijke Philips N.V., Amsterdam, Netherlands) was used to analyze the sleep data. Results A sample size of 328 OSA cases was analyzed. The results revealed a prevalence of 47% (155) for severe OSA. Apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was negatively correlated with lowest and average oxygen saturation, while it was positively correlated with time spent with oxygen saturation under 89%, body mass index (BMI), and weight of the participants. Furthermore, stepwise multiple regression tests revealed BMI, age, gender, and heart failure as independent predictors for AHI. Conclusion This study highlights the links between OSA and various chronic health conditions. Furthermore, it underscores the importance of factors like age, obesity, and gender in influencing OSA severity. The identification of predictors for OSA severity can assist in risk assessment and personalized interventions.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）是一种常见的睡眠障碍，其特征是上气道完全或部分塌陷发作，并伴有血氧饱和度下降或从睡眠中觉醒。根据美国睡眠医学学会（AASM）的标准，OSA根据多导睡眠图结果分为轻度、中度和重度。目的：本研究旨在确定伊拉克库尔德地区埃尔比勒市OSA严重程度的患病率，并找出重度OSA的预测因素。方法：这是一项横断面研究，于2021年12月至2023年7月在伊拉克库尔德地区埃尔比勒市一家私人诊所的睡眠研究部门对出现OSA症状的患者进行。设计了一份详细问卷来收集数据，并使用IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows，版本26（2019年发布；IBM公司，美国纽约州阿蒙克）进行分析。用于诊断OSA的多导睡眠图设备是飞利浦伟康Alice NightOne家用设备，并用飞利浦伟康Sleepware G3（荷兰皇家飞利浦公司，阿姆斯特丹）分析睡眠数据。结果：分析了328例OSA病例的样本。结果显示重度OSA的患病率为47%（155例）。呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）与最低和平均血氧饱和度呈负相关，而与血氧饱和度低于89%的时间、体重指数（BMI）和参与者体重呈正相关。此外，逐步多元回归测试显示BMI、年龄、性别和心力衰竭是AHI的独立预测因素。结论：本研究突出了OSA与各种慢性健康状况之间的联系。此外，它强调了年龄、肥胖和性别等因素在影响OSA严重程度方面的重要性。确定OSA严重程度的预测因素有助于风险评估和个性化干预。
