Wibowo Dhita Prabasari, Agustiningsih Agustiningsih, Jayanti Sri, Sukowati Caecilia H C, El Khobar Korri Elvanita
Eijkman Research Center for Molecular Biology, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia.
Postgraduate School, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar 90245, Indonesia.
World J Exp Med. 2024 Dec 20;14(4):95960. doi: 10.5493/wjem.v14.i4.95960.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health burden. In HBV endemic regions, high prevalence is also correlated with the infections acquired in infancy through perinatal transmission or early childhood exposure to HBV, the so-called mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). Children who are infected with HBV at a young age are at higher risk of developing chronic HBV infection than those infected as adults, which may lead to worse clinical outcome. To reduce the incidence of HBV MTCT, several interventions for the infants or the mothers, or both, are already carried out. This review explores the newest information and approaches available in literature regarding HBV MTCT prevalence and its challenges, especially in high HBV endemic countries. This covers HBV screening in pregnant women, prenatal intervention, infant immunoprophylaxis, and post-vaccination serological testing for children.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染是一项重大的公共卫生负担。在HBV流行地区，高流行率还与通过围产期传播在婴儿期或幼儿期接触HBV所获得的感染相关，即所谓的母婴传播（MTCT）。与成人期感染HBV的儿童相比，幼年感染HBV的儿童发展为慢性HBV感染的风险更高，这可能导致更差的临床结局。为降低HBV母婴传播的发生率，已经针对婴儿或母亲或两者实施了多种干预措施。本综述探讨了文献中有关HBV母婴传播流行率及其挑战的最新信息和方法，尤其是在高HBV流行国家。这涵盖了孕妇的HBV筛查、产前干预、婴儿免疫预防以及儿童接种疫苗后的血清学检测。
