Palandačić Anja, Reier Susanne, Diripasko Oleg A, Jelić Dušan, Stroj Andrej, Wanka Alexandra, Marić Dario, Bogutskaya Nina G
First Zoological Department Vienna Museum of Natural History Vienna Austria.
Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty University of Ljubljana Ljubljana Slovenia.
Ecol Evol. 2024 Dec 23;14(12):e70648. doi: 10.1002/ece3.70648. eCollection 2024 Dec.
The Dinaric Karst extends along the Adriatic coast of the Western Balkan Peninsula and is home to a group of "karst minnows" of the genera , , and , which have adapted to the highly variable water conditions in the karst by spending up to several months underground, but require surface habitats for spawning, defining them as substygophiles. The three species of the genus , , , and , are defined by restricted ranges, making them vulnerable to pollution and extended draughts caused by the climate change. In this study, the phylogeny of Leusciscinae was reconstructed using 15 and one , one , and one complete mitochondrial genomes and the position of the genus within the subfamily as sister species to the clade was confirmed. The inter- and intrapopulation structure of the genus was inferred using molecular (nuclear and mitochondrial data) and morphological analyses. For the molecular analysis, more than 150 historical specimens were analyzed for a short fragment of the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) barcoding region and 15 specimens were subjected to single nucleotide polymorphism analysis. For morphological analysis, 121 specimens were analyzed for 51 measurements and 8 counts. All analyses confirmed the clear delimitation of the three species, but were insufficient to fully resolve the intrapopulation structure within the species. This study also included data from field surveys of collected over the past 20 years, which showed that abundance is declining and ranges are shrinking. are also threatened by invasive/introduced species. Based on cave observations/occurrence and morphological analysis, was classified as an advanced substygophile and and were classified as basic stygophiles.
迪纳拉喀斯特地区沿着西巴尔干半岛的亚得里亚海海岸延伸，是一群属于[具体属名]、[具体属名]和[具体属名]的“喀斯特米诺鱼”的栖息地。这些鱼通过在地下度过长达数月的时间，适应了喀斯特地区高度多变的水条件，但产卵需要地表栖息地，因此被定义为亚穴居性鱼类。[具体属名]属的三个物种，[具体物种名]、[具体物种名]和[具体物种名]，分布范围有限，这使得它们容易受到气候变化导致的污染和长期干旱的影响。在这项研究中，利用15个[具体基因名]以及一个[具体基因名]、一个[具体基因名]和一个[具体基因名]的完整线粒体基因组重建了亮鲤亚科的系统发育，并确认了[具体属名]属在亚科内作为[具体类群名]分支姐妹物种的位置。利用分子（核数据和线粒体数据）和形态学分析推断了[具体属名]属的种群间和种群内结构。对于分子分析，对150多个历史标本的细胞色素氧化酶I（COI）条形码区域的短片段进行了分析，并对15个[具体标本名]标本进行了单核苷酸多态性分析。对于形态学分析，对121个[具体标本名]标本进行了51项测量和8项计数。所有分析都证实了这三个[具体物种名]物种的明确界定，但不足以完全解析物种内的种群结构。这项研究还包括过去20年收集的[具体标本名]实地调查数据，这些数据表明其数量正在下降，分布范围正在缩小。[具体标本名]还受到入侵/引入物种的威胁。基于洞穴观察/出现情况和形态学分析，[具体物种名]被归类为高级亚穴居性鱼类，[具体物种名]和[具体物种名]被归类为基本穴居性鱼类。
