Devanathan Nivedha, Philomenadin Ferdinamarie Sharmila, Panachikuth Gokul, Jayagandan Sangitha, Ramamurthy Narayan, Ratchagadasse Vimal Raj, Chandrasekaran Venkatesh, Dhodapkar Rahul
Regional Level Viral Research & Diagnostic Laboratory (RVRDL), Department of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India.
Department of Pediatrics, JIPMER, Pondicherry, India.
IJID Reg. 2024 Nov 12;14:100486. doi: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100486. eCollection 2025 Mar.
Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is recognized as a significant cause of acute respiratory infections among infants under 5 years of age.
Nasal swabs collected from January 2021 to June 2024 were screened to detect hMPV using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, representative positive samples were sequenced and subjected to phylogenetic analysis.
Of 4519 samples tested, 113 were positive for hMPV. Notably, an outbreak occurred between November 2022 and March 2023, where 56 of 583 (9.6%) patients tested positive. Analysis of the outbreak samples revealed that majority (6.3%) of cases occurred in December and January. hMPV infection was more prevalent in less than 1 year, with 29 (67%) patients with a history of wheezing and 3 (6.9%) with seizures. On the genetic analysis of F protein, 37 samples identified two genotypes as A and B, with subclusters of 29 (85.29%) samples to A2.1, 1 (2.94%) to A2.2.1, and 4 (11.76%) to A2.2.2 within genotype A and one sample clustered with B1 and 2 samples to B2 within genotype B.
The study underscores the significant prevalence and genetic diversity of hMPV in children in Puducherry, India. Notably, the identification of novel A2.2.1 and A2.2.2 lineages highlights the evolving nature of hMPV.
人偏肺病毒（hMPV）被认为是5岁以下婴幼儿急性呼吸道感染的重要病因。
对2021年1月至2024年6月采集的鼻拭子进行筛查，采用逆转录定量聚合酶链反应检测hMPV。此外，对代表性阳性样本进行测序并进行系统发育分析。
在4519份检测样本中，113份hMPV呈阳性。值得注意的是，2022年11月至2023年3月期间发生了一次疫情，583名患者中有56名（9.6%）检测呈阳性。对疫情样本的分析显示，大多数病例（6.3%）发生在12月和1月。hMPV感染在1岁以下儿童中更为普遍，29名（67%）患者有喘息病史，3名（6.9%）有癫痫发作史。对F蛋白的基因分析显示，37个样本鉴定出两种基因型为A和B，其中29个（85.29%）样本在A基因型内属于A2.1亚群，1个（2.94%）属于A2.2.1亚群，4个（11.76%）属于A2.2.2亚群，1个样本在B基因型内与B1聚类，2个样本与B2聚类。
该研究强调了印度本地治里儿童中hMPV的显著流行率和遗传多样性。值得注意的是，新型A2.2.1和A2.2.2谱系的鉴定突出了hMPV的不断演变特性。
