Iqbal S, Xu Y, Boyd R W
Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA.
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA.
Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci. 2024 Dec 30;382(2287):20230332. doi: 10.1098/rsta.2023.0332. Epub 2024 Dec 24.
Can a quantum advantage for imaging resolution be realized with the help of quantum estimation theory? We expect so, but we show that, presently, theoretical tools are insufficiently developed to answer this question for extended objects. Still, there is much to be learned from the current state of the art. In this review, we re-examine prominent results in the literature and probe the limits of quantum metrology in addressing imaging resolution. In particular, we show that under restrictive but well-defined conditions, any quantum advantage in one-dimensional phase imaging appears to diminish for increasingly detailed objects. We also show that a previous attempt at tackling this question, while incomplete, does predict an advantage for single-molecule localization microscopy, although this method may not be feasible in the near term. As for experimental claims of Heisenberg-limited imaging resolution, we briefly address the many inherent difficulties in demonstrating that such a thing has indeed been achieved.This article is part of the theme issue 'The quantum theory of light'.
借助量子估计理论能否实现成像分辨率的量子优势？我们期望如此，但我们表明，目前理论工具的发展还不足以回答关于扩展物体的这个问题。不过，从当前的技术水平中仍有很多可借鉴之处。在这篇综述中，我们重新审视了文献中的突出成果，并探究了量子计量学在解决成像分辨率方面的局限性。特别是，我们表明在严格但明确的条件下，对于越来越详细的物体，一维相位成像中的任何量子优势似乎都会减弱。我们还表明，之前尝试解决这个问题的努力虽然不完整，但确实预测了单分子定位显微镜的优势，尽管这种方法在短期内可能不可行。至于海森堡极限成像分辨率的实验声明，我们简要阐述了证明确实实现了这种情况所存在的许多固有困难。本文是主题为“光的量子理论”的一部分。
