Zhou Wenping, Zhang Dongyou, Yang Maoli
School of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Liupanshui Normal University, Liupanshui, 553004, China.
School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian, 116622, China.
Heliyon. 2024 Dec 3;10(23):e40761. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40761. eCollection 2024 Dec 15.
Rain erosion induced by raindrops impacting wind turbine blades at high velocity can change the aerodynamic characteristics of the blades and increase maintenance costs. Previous numerical studies on rain erosion have not considered the curvature of the blade leading-edge surfaces and assumed them to be flat surfaces. This study established a fluid-solid coupled numerical model combining the finite element method and smooth particle hydrodynamics. It models a water droplet with a diameter of 2.74 mm impacting the curved leading-edge surface of wind turbine blades with radii of curvature of 1.35 mm, 6.75 mm, 67.5 mm, and infinite at 110 m/s, and the effects of the radius of curvature on the impact response were analyzed. The results show that as the radius of curvature of the leading-edge surface increases, the surface obstructs the water droplet more significantly, and the lateral jetting of the water droplet is enhanced. A larger radius of curvature causes more droplet impact energy to be transferred to the curved surface, increasing the contact force between the water droplet and the surface. The increased transferred impact energy results in higher stress and plastic strain values. The decrease in the radius of curvature of a curved surface increases the error in the stress and strain results obtained by assuming it to be a flat surface.
高速雨滴撞击风力涡轮机叶片引发的雨蚀会改变叶片的空气动力学特性并增加维护成本。先前关于雨蚀的数值研究未考虑叶片前缘表面的曲率，而是将其假定为平面。本研究建立了一种结合有限元法和平滑粒子流体动力学的流固耦合数值模型。该模型模拟了直径为2.74毫米的水滴以110米/秒的速度撞击曲率半径分别为1.35毫米、6.75毫米、67.5毫米和无限大的风力涡轮机叶片的弯曲前缘表面，并分析了曲率半径对撞击响应的影响。结果表明，随着前缘表面曲率半径的增加，表面对水滴的阻挡作用更显著，水滴的横向喷射增强。更大的曲率半径会使更多的水滴撞击能量传递到曲面上，增加水滴与表面之间的接触力。传递的撞击能量增加导致应力和塑性应变值更高。曲面曲率半径的减小会增加将其假定为平面时所获得的应力和应变结果的误差。
