Hoehne Sophie, Pollatos Olga, Warschburger Petra, Zimprich Daniel
Department of Developmental Psychology Institute of Psychology and Education Ulm University Ulm Germany.
Department of Clinical & Health Psychology Institute of Psychology and Education Ulm University Ulm Germany.
Obes Sci Pract. 2024 Dec 24;10(6):e70031. doi: 10.1002/osp4.70031. eCollection 2024 Dec.
The association of screen time and physical activity with body weight in children has been investigated in cross-sectional and prospective studies, as well as randomized controlled trials. The present study extends previous research by examining how longitudinal within-person changes in screen time and physical activity relate to changes in Body Mass Index (BMI) in children, and how changes in screen time and physical activity relate to each other.
The data for the present study came from the PIER Youth Study. Data were collected from 971 children and their parents at two time points approximately 1 year apart. A multilevel modeling approach with measurement occasions nested within children was used to model changes in BMI across age.
Within a child, a change in daily hours of TV viewing was associated with a corresponding change in BMI, whereas a change in daily hours of physical activity was associated with an opposite change in BMI. Within-person correlations between changes in screen time and physical activity were small but positive.
The present findings have important implications for interventions to reduce and prevent childhood overweight and obesity. Specifically, interventions should focus on both reducing daily TV viewing and promoting physical activity.
在横断面研究、前瞻性研究以及随机对照试验中，均对儿童的屏幕使用时间、身体活动与体重之间的关联进行了调查。本研究通过考察儿童屏幕使用时间和身体活动的纵向个体内变化如何与体重指数（BMI）变化相关，以及屏幕使用时间和身体活动的变化如何相互关联，对先前的研究进行了拓展。
本研究的数据来自PIER青少年研究。在相隔约1年的两个时间点收集了971名儿童及其父母的数据。采用将测量时机嵌套在儿童内的多水平建模方法来模拟BMI随年龄的变化。
在个体内部，每日看电视时间的变化与BMI的相应变化相关，而每日身体活动时间的变化与BMI的相反变化相关。屏幕使用时间变化与身体活动变化之间的个体内相关性较小但为正。
本研究结果对减少和预防儿童超重及肥胖的干预措施具有重要意义。具体而言，干预措施应既注重减少每日看电视时间，又注重促进身体活动。
