Kite James, Huang Bo-Huei, Laird Yvonne, Grunseit Anne, McGill Bronwyn, Williams Kathryn, Bellew Bill, Thomas Margaret
Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
EClinicalMedicine. 2022 May 20;48:101464. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101464. eCollection 2022 Jun.
The lack of a comprehensive understanding of the role of mass media in perpetuating weight stigma hinders policy formulation. We reviewed the influence of mass media on weight stigmatisation and the effectiveness of media-based interventions designed to prevent or reduce stigma.
We conducted a systematic review across seven databases from inception to December 2021. Included studies assessed exposure to or impact of weight stigma in mass media or examined interventions to reduce stigma through media in populations 12+ years. We synthesised data narratively, categorising studies based on similarity in focus to produce a set of integrated findings. The systematic review is registered in PROSPERO (No. CRD42020176306).
One-hundred-and-thirteen records were eligible for inclusion from 2402 identified; 95 examined the prevalence of stigmatising content in mass media and its impact on stigma. Weight stigma was prevalent across media types, with the dominant discourse viewing overweight and obesity as an individual responsibility and overlooking systemic factors. Exposure to stigmatising content was found to negatively influence attitudes towards people with overweight or obesity. Few studies considered methods of reducing stigma in the media, with only two testing media-based interventions; their results were promising but limited.
Weight stigma in media content is prevalent and harmful, but there is little guidance on reducing it. Future research focus needs to shift from assessing prevalence and impacts to weight stigma interventions.
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对大众媒体在延续体重歧视方面作用的全面理解的缺乏阻碍了政策制定。我们回顾了大众媒体对体重歧视的影响以及旨在预防或减少歧视的基于媒体的干预措施的有效性。
我们对从起始到2021年12月的七个数据库进行了系统综述。纳入的研究评估了大众媒体中体重歧视的暴露情况或影响，或考察了针对12岁及以上人群通过媒体减少歧视的干预措施。我们采用叙述性方式综合数据，根据重点的相似性对研究进行分类以得出一组综合研究结果。该系统综述已在国际前瞻性系统评价注册库（注册号：CRD42020176306）登记。
在识别出的2402条记录中，有113条符合纳入标准；95项研究考察了大众媒体中歧视性内容的流行情况及其对歧视的影响。体重歧视在各类媒体中普遍存在，主流话语将超重和肥胖视为个人责任，而忽视了系统性因素。发现接触歧视性内容会对超重或肥胖者的态度产生负面影响。很少有研究考虑减少媒体中歧视的方法，只有两项研究测试了基于媒体的干预措施；其结果很有前景但有限。
媒体内容中的体重歧视普遍且有害，但在减少歧视方面几乎没有指导。未来的研究重点需要从评估体重歧视的流行情况和影响转向干预措施。
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