Tork Mostafa, Sarvi Shahabeddin, Asgarian-Omran Hossein, Sadeghi Mitra, Basirpour Bahareh, Hatami Nejad Maryam, Gholami Shirzad, Hosseini Seyed Abdollah, Daryani Ahmad, Aghayan Sargis A
Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Department of Parasitology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Department of Parasitology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran.
Exp Parasitol. 2025 Jan;268:108883. doi: 10.1016/j.exppara.2024.108883. Epub 2024 Dec 23.
Toxoplasmosis which is caused by T. gondii, is common among humans and animals. T. gondii is a threat to the fetus and individuals with immune disorders, especially patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and individuals who undergo organ transplants. Therefore, quick diagnosis and accurate differentiation of acute and chronic stages are essential. One of the important serological methods in differentiating stages of the disease and the time of acquiring the infection is evaluating the IgG avidity. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, keywords were searched in databases including PubMed, Science Direct, ProQuest, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Included studies were collected after checking the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and according to the PRISMA flow chart. Finally, the data were analyzed by StatsDirect statistical software and random-effects model. A total of 10 studies (26 datasets) were eligible for analysis. The random effects model estimated the prevalence of low IgG avidity in acute toxoplasmosis using in-house IgG avidity tests of 84% and chronic toxoplasmosis infection using in-house IgG avidity of 91%. The IgG avidity test can be a helpful diagnostic tool in differentiating between acute and chronic stages. Also, this review emphasizes that the use of recombinant or chimeric proteins is preferable to TLA in differentiating acute and chronic stages. It can be concluded that choosing more effective antigens (multi-epitope and multi-stage) and performing more detailed studies on the design of an avidity kit to differentiate the stage of infection is required.
由刚地弓形虫引起的弓形虫病在人类和动物中很常见。刚地弓形虫对胎儿以及免疫功能紊乱的个体构成威胁，尤其是获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）患者和接受器官移植的个体。因此，快速诊断以及准确区分急性期和慢性期至关重要。评估IgG亲和力是区分疾病阶段和感染时间的重要血清学方法之一。在这项系统评价和荟萃分析中，在包括PubMed、Science Direct、ProQuest、Scopus和谷歌学术在内的数据库中搜索关键词。在检查纳入和排除标准后，根据PRISMA流程图收集纳入研究。最后，使用StatsDirect统计软件和随机效应模型对数据进行分析。共有10项研究（26个数据集）符合分析条件。随机效应模型使用内部IgG亲和力试验估计急性弓形虫病中低IgG亲和力的患病率为84%，慢性弓形虫感染中低IgG亲和力的患病率为91%。IgG亲和力试验在区分急性期和慢性期方面可能是一种有用的诊断工具。此外，本综述强调，在区分急性期和慢性期时，使用重组或嵌合蛋白比使用全细胞裂解物更可取。可以得出结论，需要选择更有效的抗原（多表位和多阶段），并对区分感染阶段的亲和力试剂盒设计进行更详细的研究。
