Xu Ling, Cheng Zhongkun, Zhao Jingxian, Liu Yanyan, Zhao Yongju, Yang Xiaowei
College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China.
Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing 400715, China.
Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao. 2024 Dec 25;40(12):4351-4364. doi: 10.13345/j.cjb.240191.
Ten-eleven translocation 1 (TET1) protein is an alpha-ketoglutaric acid (α-KG) and Fe-dependent dioxygenase. It plays a role in the active demethylation of DNA by hydroxylation of 5-methyl-cytosine (5-mC) to 5-hydroxymethyl-cytosine (5-hmC). Ten-eleven translocation 1 (TET1) protein is involved in maintaining genome methylation homeostasis and epigenetic regulation. Abnormally expressed TET1 and 5-mC oxidative derivatives have become potential markers in various biological and pathological processes and a research focus in the fields of embryonic development and malignant tumors. This paper introduces the structure and demethylation mechanism of TET1, reviews the research status of epigenetic regulation by TET1 in embryonic development, immune responses, stem cell regulation, cancer progression, and nervous system development, and briefs the upstream regulatory mechanism of TET1, hoping to provide new inspirations for further research in related fields.
十一易位蛋白1（TET1）是一种依赖α-酮戊二酸（α-KG）和铁的双加氧酶。它通过将5-甲基胞嘧啶（5-mC）羟基化为5-羟甲基胞嘧啶（5-hmC），在DNA的活性去甲基化过程中发挥作用。十一易位蛋白1（TET1）参与维持基因组甲基化稳态和表观遗传调控。TET1和5-mC氧化衍生物的异常表达已成为各种生物学和病理过程中的潜在标志物，也是胚胎发育和恶性肿瘤领域的研究热点。本文介绍了TET1的结构和去甲基化机制，综述了TET1在胚胎发育、免疫反应、干细胞调控、癌症进展和神经系统发育中表观遗传调控的研究现状，并简述了TET1的上游调控机制，希望为相关领域的进一步研究提供新的启示。
