Luo Sha, Guo Wenjie, Chen Hao, Zhu Yidong, Zhu Guowei, Jia Yingnan
Xuhui Maternity and Child Healthcare Center, Shanghai, China.
Preventive Medicine and Health Education Department, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Front Public Health. 2024 Dec 11;12:1466541. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1466541. eCollection 2024.
Previous studies have indicated a link between screen exposure and children's mental health, but with the emergence of new screen media and a rise in screen content, uncertainties have grown. Our aim was to investigate the impact of screen use on psychological issues in 2- to 3-year-old children, considering screen time and types of screen media and content.
This cross-sectional study included participants from Shanghai, China, from February to July 2023. Screen use information was collected from children's caregivers via online questionnaire. Psychological difficulties of children were reported by parents using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).
Among the interviewed children, 15.9% had an average daily screen time exceeding 1 hour (h). 52.1% of them viewed inappropriate, non-child-directed screen content, 37.6% were mainly exposed to educational content, and 18.9% watched more fast-paced screen content than slow-paced content. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that the use of mobile phones ( = 1.16, 95% CI: 0.14, 2.18), virtual reality (VR) devices ( = 2.57, 95% CI: 0.62, 4.53) and computers for more than 30 minutes (min) per day ( = 2.15, 95% CI: 0.99, 3.30) were related to higher SDQ difficulty scores. Watching more fast-paced ( = 1.58, 95% CI: 0.80, 2.35) and more noneducational screen content ( = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.35, 1.66) were also associated with increased difficulty scores.
The amount of time spent using computers, mobile phones and VR devices and the proportion of exposure to noneducational content and fast-paced content were significantly associated with psychological problems among 2- to 3-year-old children.
以往研究表明屏幕暴露与儿童心理健康之间存在联系，但随着新屏幕媒体的出现以及屏幕内容的增加，不确定性也在增加。我们的目的是研究屏幕使用对2至3岁儿童心理问题的影响，同时考虑屏幕使用时间、屏幕媒体类型和内容。
这项横断面研究纳入了2023年2月至7月来自中国上海的参与者。通过在线问卷从儿童照料者那里收集屏幕使用信息。父母使用优势与困难问卷（SDQ）报告儿童的心理困难。
在接受访谈的儿童中，15.9%的儿童平均每日屏幕使用时间超过1小时。其中，52.1%的儿童观看了不适当的、非儿童导向的屏幕内容，37.6%的儿童主要接触教育内容，18.9%的儿童观看快节奏屏幕内容的时间多于慢节奏内容。多变量回归分析显示，每天使用手机（β=1.16，95%置信区间：0.14，2.18）、虚拟现实（VR）设备（β=2.57，95%置信区间：0.62，4.53）和电脑超过30分钟（β=2.15，95%置信区间：0.99，3.30）与更高的SDQ困难得分相关。观看更多快节奏（β=1.58，95%置信区间：0.80，2.35）和更多非教育性屏幕内容（β=1.01，95%置信区间：0.35，1.66）也与困难得分增加有关。
2至3岁儿童使用电脑、手机和VR设备的时间以及接触非教育性内容和快节奏内容的比例与心理问题显著相关。
