Zhang Xiaoyu, Gao Jiawei, Yang Liuxin, Feng Xiaoling, Yuan Xingxing
Department of First Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, P.R. China.
Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, P.R. China.
J Mol Histol. 2024 Dec 26;56(1):55. doi: 10.1007/s10735-024-10332-z.
Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is the occurrence of two or more consecutive miscarriages before 20 weeks of gestation. Recent research has increasingly focused on the role of oxidative stress in RPL, providing insights into its underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. Oxidative stress arises from an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antioxidant defenses, leading to cellular damage and inflammation. Oxidative stress has been implicated in disrupting placental blood flow, inducing apoptosis in fetal and placental cells, and exacerbating inflammatory responses, all of which can contribute to pregnancy loss. Elevated levels of ROS have been associated with compromised placental function, impaired fetal development, and increased risk of RPL. Additionally, oxidative stress can modulate maternal immune responses, potentially leading to immune-related pregnancy complications. This review synthesizes current evidence on the mechanisms by which oxidative stress contributes to RPL and highlights emerging research on potential interventions, including antioxidant therapies and lifestyle modifications. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing effective preventive and therapeutic strategies to reduce the risk of RPL and improve pregnancy outcomes. Future research should focus on elucidating the specific pathways involved and exploring novel treatments aimed at mitigating oxidative damage during pregnancy.
复发性流产（RPL）是指在妊娠20周前发生两次或更多次连续流产。最近的研究越来越关注氧化应激在复发性流产中的作用，为其潜在机制和可能的治疗靶点提供了见解。氧化应激源于活性氧（ROS）生成与抗氧化防御之间的失衡，导致细胞损伤和炎症。氧化应激被认为会扰乱胎盘血流，诱导胎儿和胎盘细胞凋亡，并加剧炎症反应，所有这些都可能导致流产。ROS水平升高与胎盘功能受损、胎儿发育不良以及复发性流产风险增加有关。此外，氧化应激可调节母体免疫反应，可能导致免疫相关的妊娠并发症。本综述综合了关于氧化应激导致复发性流产的机制的现有证据，并强调了关于潜在干预措施的新研究，包括抗氧化治疗和生活方式改变。了解这些机制对于制定有效的预防和治疗策略以降低复发性流产风险和改善妊娠结局至关重要。未来的研究应集中于阐明具体涉及的途径，并探索旨在减轻孕期氧化损伤的新治疗方法。
