Azzam Daniel B, Meller Leo Li Tang, Oca Michael, Vagefi M Reza, Tao Jeremiah P
Division of Oculofacial Plastic and Orbital Surgery, Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla.
Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 2025;41(3):258-265. doi: 10.1097/IOP.0000000000002797. Epub 2024 Oct 8.
To characterize American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (ASOPRS) fellowship graduates' career paths and contributions to society missions, including trends across gender, time, and geography.
In this retrospective cohort study, ASOPRS fellowship graduates from 2000 to 2021 were stratified by demographics, time, and geography. Main outcomes were career paths and contributions to ASOPRS missions of advancing education, research, and quality of clinical practice.
Among 474 ASOPRS graduates, women increased from 19% (2000-2005) to 47% (2016-2021). Women contributed equally to men in most ASOPRS missions but were underrepresented as fellowship directors ( p = 0.03). Over time, graduates after 2005 had higher publication rates (adjusted p < 0.001). Geographically, Northeast fellows (adjusted p = 0.034) and Midwest employment (adjusted p = 0.003) correlated with academic careers, while West employment conferred community careers (adjusted p < 0.001). Geographic retention near fellowship directly correlated with academic careers (adjusted p = 0.006), educational roles (adjusted p < 0.001), and publications (adjusted p = 0.006). Forty-one percent practiced in the 5 most saturated states, with fewer in the Midwest. The attrition rate of United States ASOPRS fellows who left the national workforce was 2%.
From 2000 to 2021, ASOPRS fellows entered diverse career paths with increasing gender parity, though women were underrepresented as fellowship directors. Career paths and contributions to the field varied geographically. Graduates frequently practice in saturated states, potentially exacerbating access disparities in underserved regions. These findings highlight opportunities to address geographic differences, promote workforce diversity, and align fellowships with society objectives.
描述美国眼科整形与重建外科学会（ASOPRS）专科培训毕业生的职业发展路径及其对学会使命的贡献，包括性别、时间和地域方面的趋势。
在这项回顾性队列研究中，2000年至2021年的ASOPRS专科培训毕业生按人口统计学特征、时间和地域进行分层。主要结果是职业发展路径以及对ASOPRS推进教育、研究和临床实践质量使命的贡献。
在474名ASOPRS毕业生中，女性比例从19%（2000 - 2005年）增至47%（2016 - 2021年）。在大多数ASOPRS使命中，女性贡献与男性相当，但担任专科培训主任的女性比例较低（p = 0.03）。随着时间推移，2005年后毕业的学员发表率更高（校正p < 0.001）。在地域上，东北部学员（校正p = 0.034）和中西部就业情况（校正p = 0.003）与学术职业相关，而西部就业则意味着社区职业（校正p < 0.001）。在专科培训地附近的地域留存率与学术职业（校正p = 0.006）、教育角色（校正p < 0.001）和发表情况（校正p = 0.006）直接相关。41%的人在5个饱和度最高的州执业，中西部地区的人数较少。离开全国劳动力队伍的美国ASOPRS学员流失率为2%。
2000年至2021年，ASOPRS学员进入了多样化的职业发展路径，性别平等程度不断提高，尽管担任专科培训主任的女性比例较低。职业发展路径和对该领域的贡献存在地域差异。毕业生经常在饱和度高的州执业，这可能加剧了服务不足地区的医疗可及性差距。这些发现凸显了应对地域差异、促进劳动力多样性以及使专科培训与学会目标保持一致的机会。
