Xu Liping, Jiang Jinxiao, Geng Qingxia, Zhang Yinmin
Department of Gynecology, Rizhao People's Hospital, Rizhao, Shandong Province, 276800, People's Republic of China.
Int J Womens Health. 2024 Dec 21;16:2281-2285. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S490109. eCollection 2024.
Ovarian mature cystic teratoma (MCT) is the most common ovarian tumor, and only a small fraction undergoes malignant transformation. The most prevalent malignant type of the ovary is squamous cell carcinoma, followed by adenocarcinoma. However, ruptured ovarian mature cystic teratoma with adenocarcinoma transformation is extremely rare.
A 75-year-old postmenopausal woman presented to the emergency room with abdominal pain following a CT examination, the patient was diagnosed with a ruptured ovarian MCT. Subsequently, surgery was performed. Finally, she was diagnosed with adenocarcinoma tumor originating from the MCT of the ovary based on histopathology and immunohistochemistry examination. Following six cycles of chemotherapy with carboplatin and paclitaxel, the patient underwent long-term follow-up, during which no recurrence was observed over 10 months of examinations.
The cases of ruptured cystic teratomas are rare, and ruptured cancerous transformation in MCT is infrequently documented in the literature. Therefore, special attention should be paid when encountering such cases in medical practice, as they can easily be misdiagnosed as benign ovarian tumors.
卵巢成熟囊性畸胎瘤（MCT）是最常见的卵巢肿瘤，只有一小部分会发生恶性转化。卵巢最常见的恶性类型是鳞状细胞癌，其次是腺癌。然而，卵巢成熟囊性畸胎瘤破裂并伴有腺癌转化极为罕见。
一名75岁绝经后女性因腹痛到急诊室就诊，经CT检查后，患者被诊断为卵巢MCT破裂。随后进行了手术。最后，根据组织病理学和免疫组化检查，她被诊断为源自卵巢MCT的腺癌肿瘤。在接受六个周期的卡铂和紫杉醇化疗后，患者接受了长期随访，在10个月的检查期间未观察到复发。
囊性畸胎瘤破裂的病例很少见，MCT破裂癌变在文献中也很少有记载。因此，在医疗实践中遇到此类病例时应特别注意，因为它们很容易被误诊为良性卵巢肿瘤。
