Belovan Biliana, Popa Zoran Laurentiu, Citu Cosmin, Citu Ioana Mihaela, Sas Ioan, Ratiu Adrian
Doctoral School, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
Clin Pract. 2024 Nov 27;14(6):2590-2600. doi: 10.3390/clinpract14060204.
Maternal dyslipidemia during pregnancy may influence fetal cardiac development and function, potentially predisposing offspring to cardiovascular diseases later in life. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between maternal lipid profiles and fetal cardiac function at mid-gestation, utilizing detailed echocardiographic assessments. In this prospective cohort study conducted at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic of the Timișoara Municipal Emergency Hospital, 19 pregnant women aged 27-40 years were recruited and divided into two groups based on their triglyceride levels: Group A (triglycerides ≤ 150 mg/dL, = 48) and Group B (triglycerides > 150 mg/dL, 28). Maternal demographic data and lipid profiles were recorded. Fetal echocardiographic measurements, including global longitudinal strain and ventricular function parameters, were obtained between 20 and 24 weeks of gestation. Statistical analyses, including subgroup comparisons, correlations, and regression analyses, were performed. Maternal BMI was significantly higher in Group B compared to Group A (31.94 ± 2.80 vs. 27.01 ± 2.40 kg/m, < 0.001). Group B showed higher mean triglyceride levels (163.43 ± 11.34 mg/dL) compared to Group A (131.42 ± 10.57 mg/dL, < 0.001). Fetal echocardiographic measurements indicated reduced global longitudinal strain in fetuses of Group B mothers (LV strain: -19.86% ± 6.83% vs. -26.14% ± 5.92%, = 0.017). Significant correlations were found between maternal triglyceride levels and fetal LV strain ( 0.536, = 0.019). Regression analysis identified maternal triglyceride levels and BMI as significant predictors of reduced fetal LV strain (β = 0.45, = 0.021 and β = 0.39, = 0.038, respectively). Elevated maternal triglyceride levels, LDL cholesterol, and BMI are associated with altered fetal cardiac function parameters at mid-gestation, suggesting that maternal lipid profiles may impact fetal cardiac development. These findings underscore the importance of monitoring lipid levels during pregnancy and suggest potential benefits of managing dyslipidemia to improve fetal cardiac outcomes. However, the study included only a small sample; therefore, the study needs to be continued with a larger group.
孕期母体血脂异常可能会影响胎儿心脏发育和功能，使后代日后患心血管疾病的风险增加。本研究旨在利用详细的超声心动图评估，评估孕中期母体血脂水平与胎儿心脏功能之间的关系。在蒂米什瓦拉市急诊医院妇产科诊所进行的这项前瞻性队列研究中，招募了19名年龄在27至40岁之间的孕妇，并根据她们的甘油三酯水平分为两组：A组（甘油三酯≤150mg/dL，n = 48）和B组（甘油三酯>150mg/dL，n = 28）。记录了母体的人口统计学数据和血脂水平。在妊娠20至24周期间进行胎儿超声心动图测量，包括整体纵向应变和心室功能参数。进行了统计分析，包括亚组比较、相关性分析和回归分析。与A组相比，B组的母体BMI显著更高（31.94±2.80 vs. 27.01±2.40kg/m²，P<0.001）。与A组（131.42±10.57mg/dL）相比，B组的平均甘油三酯水平更高（163.43±11.34mg/dL，P<0.001）。胎儿超声心动图测量表明，B组母亲所生胎儿的整体纵向应变降低（左心室应变：-19.86%±6.83% vs. -26.14%±5.92%，P = 0.017）。母体甘油三酯水平与胎儿左心室应变之间存在显著相关性（r = 0.536，P = 0.019）。回归分析确定母体甘油三酯水平和BMI是胎儿左心室应变降低的重要预测因素（β = 0.45，P = 0.021和β = 0.39，P = 0.038）。孕中期母体甘油三酯水平、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和BMI升高与胎儿心脏功能参数改变有关，这表明母体血脂水平可能会影响胎儿心脏发育。这些发现强调了孕期监测血脂水平的重要性，并提示管理血脂异常可能对改善胎儿心脏结局有益。然而，该研究仅纳入了小样本；因此，需要继续对更大的群体进行研究。
