Teferi Gemechis, Adane Harnet, Cyrille Evini, Tefera Aynalem, Gadisa Solomon, Amin Adugna, Tsehaye Mebratu, Mitku Yonas, Assefa Haftamu, Backers Sharone, Alemayehu Addisu, Mengistu Belete, Kebede Fikreab, Tadesse Fentahun, Negussu Nebiyu, Butcher Robert, Bakhtiari Ana, Willis Rebecca, Boyd Sarah, Jimenez Cristina, Dejene Michael, Solomon Anthony W, Deyassa Meheret, Shafi Mohammed, Kifle Tezera, Tegen Asfaw, Mesfin Berihu, Berihu Tsegay, Mariam Teklay, Godefay Hagos, Harding-Esch Emma M, Kidane Amanuel, Fisseha Ephrem
Light for the World, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Tigray Regional Health Bureau, Mekele, Tigray, Ethiopia.
Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2024 Dec;31(6):597-604. doi: 10.1080/09286586.2024.2317823. Epub 2024 Dec 27.
Baseline surveys were conducted in Tigray region, Ethiopia, in 2013. Since then, rounds of azithromycin mass drug administration (MDA) have been delivered in-line with international guidance. The purpose of these surveys was to assess trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) prevalence following those treatments to enable the region to plan the next steps towards elimination of trachoma.
All surveys followed WHO recommendations for community-based cross-sectional survey design. Thirty-one woredas in six zones of Tigray region were surveyed. There were two survey series: all 31 woredas were surveyed in the first series, and 11 woredas were resurveyed in the second, due to having a TF prevalence between 5% and 9.9% in the first series.
In the first series of 31 surveys, one woreda had an adjusted TF prevalence in 1-9-year-olds of <5.0%, 13 had a prevalence of 5.0-9.9% and 17 had a prevalence of 10.0-29.9%. In the second series of 11 surveys, the prevalence of TF was <5.0% in seven woredas and 5.0-9.9% in four woredas. The most recent adjusted prevalence of trachomatous trichiasis (TT) unknown to the health system in ≥15-year-olds was ≥.2% in 27 EUs. One-third of households visited had access to an improved drinking water source within a 30-minute return journey of their house, and 11% had an improved latrine.
Eight woredas met the criteria to stop MDA for 2 years before the re-survey. However, further rounds of MDA, additional efforts to improve water and sanitation access and ongoing strengthening of surgical services for TT are needed across Tigray.
2013年在埃塞俄比亚提格雷地区开展了基线调查。自那时起，已按照国际指南进行了多轮阿奇霉素群体给药（MDA）。这些调查的目的是评估这些治疗后的沙眼性炎症滤泡型（TF）患病率，以便该地区规划消除沙眼的下一步措施。
所有调查均遵循世界卫生组织关于社区横断面调查设计的建议。对提格雷地区六个区的31个 woreda 进行了调查。有两个调查系列：第一个系列对所有31个 woreda 进行了调查，第二个系列对11个 woreda 进行了重新调查，因为在第一个系列中这些 woreda 的 TF 患病率在5%至9.9%之间。
在第一轮的31次调查中，1个 woreda 的1 - 9岁儿童调整后 TF 患病率<5.0%，13个 woreda 的患病率为5.0 - 9.9%，17个 woreda 的患病率为10.0 - 29.9%。在第二轮的11次调查中，7个 woreda 的 TF 患病率<5.0%，4个 woreda 的患病率为5.0 - 9.9%。卫生系统未知的≥15岁人群中最近调整后的沙眼性倒睫（TT）患病率在27个欧盟中≥0.2%。三分之一的受访家庭在离家30分钟往返路程内可获得改善的饮用水源，11%的家庭有改善的厕所。
在重新调查前，有8个 woreda 符合停止MDA两年的标准。然而，提格雷地区仍需要进一步开展多轮MDA，加大改善水和卫生设施获取情况的力度，并持续加强针对TT的手术服务。
