Ahmed Abdeta Muktar, Ahmed Ayanle Suleiman, Abdilahi Mohamed Mussa, Nuh Abdulkadir Mohamed
College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Hargeisa, Hargeisa, Somaliland.
Department of Nutrition, Addis Ababa Medical University College Hargeisa Campus, Hargeisa, Somaliland.
PLoS One. 2024 Dec 27;19(12):e0316094. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0316094. eCollection 2024.
Metabolic syndrome (met-s) is a medical condition that includes abdominal obesity, hyperlipidemia, high blood glucose, and high blood pressure. It is associated with a high risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The condition was believed to be a challenge mostly faced by developed nations. A few studies conducted showed that met-s is increasing and becoming more common in Africa, where it was considered rare. The study aimed to assess the determinants and prevalence of met-s among the adult population in Hargeisa town, Somaliland, in 2023.
A community-based cross-sectional study among 498 adults living in all eight districts of Hargeisa, was carried out from August to September 2023. The sample size was divided proportionally by the number of households in selected sub-districts. Systematic random sampling was employed to select the households in the sub-districts. One adult from each household was selected and assessed. Data were collected using the STEPwise approach of the World Health Organization. The data were analysed using International Diabetic Federation (IDF) criteria for metabolic syndrome with SPSS version 25. Bivariate and multivariate analyses using logistic regression were performed.
In total, 498 adults participated in the study. The prevalence of met-s was 26.7% in IDF (males 11% vs. females 38.9%). Being of an advanced age of 45-54 years (AOR = 3.6, CI 1.17-11.27), 55-64 years (AOR = 6.1, CI 1.88-19.83), >64 (AOR = 9.1 CI 2.41-34.92), being a woman (AOR = 10.8, CI 5.3-21.8), being overweight or obese (AOR = 4.5, CI 2.5-8), sedentary behavior (AOR = 3.5, CI 1.6-7.5), and lack of physical exercise (AOR = 0.39, CI 0.17-0.88) were significantly associated with met-s.
The met-s was predominant in our findings. Community-based prevention strategies and actions are necessary if the met-s and its potential consequences are needed to be mitigated.
代谢综合征是一种包含腹部肥胖、高脂血症、高血糖和高血压的病症。它与心血管疾病和2型糖尿病的高发病风险相关。这种病症曾被认为主要是发达国家面临的挑战。一些开展的研究表明，代谢综合征在非洲呈上升趋势且愈发常见，而在非洲它曾被视为罕见病症。该研究旨在评估2023年索马里兰哈尔格萨镇成年人群中代谢综合征的决定因素和患病率。
2023年8月至9月，在哈尔格萨所有八个区居住的498名成年人中开展了一项基于社区的横断面研究。样本量按选定分区的家庭数量成比例划分。采用系统随机抽样法选取分区内的家庭。从每个家庭中选取一名成年人进行评估。使用世界卫生组织的逐步调查方法收集数据。使用国际糖尿病联盟（IDF）代谢综合征标准，采用SPSS 25版软件对数据进行分析。使用逻辑回归进行二元和多变量分析。
共有498名成年人参与了该研究。根据IDF标准，代谢综合征的患病率为26.7%（男性为11%，女性为38.9%）。年龄在45 - 54岁（调整后比值比[AOR]=3.6，置信区间[CI] 1.17 - 11.27）、55 - 64岁（AOR = 6.1，CI 1.88 - 19.83）、>64岁（AOR = 9.1，CI 2.41 - 34.92），女性（AOR = 10.8，CI 5.3 - 21.8），超重或肥胖（AOR = 4.5，CI 2.5 - 8），久坐行为（AOR = 3.5，CI 1.6 - 7.5）以及缺乏体育锻炼（AOR = 0.39，CI 0.17 - 0.88）与代谢综合征显著相关。
在我们的研究结果中，代谢综合征占主导地位。如果需要减轻代谢综合征及其潜在后果，基于社区的预防策略和行动是必要的。
