Frustrated Magnetism and Spin Anisotropy in a Buckled Square Net YbTaO.

The interplay between quantum effects from magnetic frustration, low-dimensionality, spin-orbit coupling, and crystal electric field in rare-earth materials leads to nontrivial ground states with unusual magnetic excitations. Here, we investigate YbTaO, which hosts a buckled square net of Yb ions with = 1/2 moments. The observed Curie-Weiss temperature is about -1 K, implying an antiferromagnetic coupling between the Yb moments. The heat capacity shows no long-range ordering down to 0.10 K, instead shows a field-dependent broad maximum indicative of short-range correlations. The magnetic entropy recovered and magnetization measurements confirm a spin-orbit driven = 1/2 Kramers doublet ground state. Point charge calculations show that the Yb ions do not host the quintessential spin anisotropy observed in typical Yb-based quantum magnets like NaYbO, YbMgGaO, and pyrochlores but rather exhibit an almond-shaped anisotropy with an easy axis. Thus, YbTaO can serve as a model system to study frustrated magnetism in a square lattice using the - Heisenberg model. This work also emphasizes the significance of small perturbations to the local crystal electric field that can alter the spin anisotropy and change the collective behavior of the system.