Zhao W, Long Y, Wang Y, Chin K Y
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Xiangnan University, College of Basic Medicine, Department of Pathology, 423000 Chenzhou City, China.
Malays J Pathol. 2024 Dec;46(3):369-378.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disease characterised by cartilage and subchondral bone breakdown, impacting millions worldwide. This review provides an overview of the complex aetiology of OA, integrating biochemical, mechanical, and genetic factors. It also emphasises a multifaceted management approach, combining non-pharmacological, pharmacological, and surgical treatments. Non-pharmacological strategies include physical therapy and lifestyle changes, which are crucial for pain relief and functional improvement. Pharmacological options focus on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents and emerging disease-modifying drugs, while surgical interventions are reserved for advanced cases. The review also explores the potential of regenerative medicine and personalised treatments in revolutionising OA management. Additionally, it underscores the importance of advanced diagnostic tools in early disease detection and monitoring, paving the way for timely and effective interventions.
骨关节炎（OA）是一种常见的退行性关节疾病，其特征是软骨和软骨下骨破坏，影响着全球数百万人。本综述概述了OA复杂的病因，整合了生化、机械和遗传因素。它还强调了一种多方面的管理方法，结合了非药物、药物和手术治疗。非药物策略包括物理治疗和生活方式改变，这对缓解疼痛和改善功能至关重要。药物选择侧重于非甾体抗炎药和新兴的疾病缓解药物，而手术干预则适用于晚期病例。该综述还探讨了再生医学和个性化治疗在彻底改变OA管理方面的潜力。此外，它强调了先进诊断工具在疾病早期检测和监测中的重要性，为及时有效的干预铺平了道路。
