Shahsavar Ali Reza, Farkhondeh Hajar, Sayyad-Amin Pegah
Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Department of Horticultural Science and Landscaping engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2024 Dec 28;14(1):31360. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-82657-4.
Growth regulators can improve the quality and production of fruit trees. This research was conducted over two successive years to evaluate the effect of preharvest sprays of growth regulators on the physicochemical properties of date palm fruit (Phoenix dactylifera cv. 'Shahabi') during khalal and tamar stages in a palm research station at Bushehr province. In the first year, fruit bunches of these trees were sprayed at the kimri stage, and in the second year at the kimri and hababouk + kimri stages, using NAA (100 mg/L), GA (100 mg/L), KI (100 mg/L), SA (50 mg/L), Put (1.288 × 10 mg/L), and distilled water as the control. Foliar spraying of 'Shahabi' date clusters with all plant growth regulators at the kimri stage did not have significant effects on traits such as length, diameter, weight and volume of the fruit compared to the control but, foliar spraying in the hababouk + kimri stage with NAA and to some extent Put caused a significant increase in these factors in the khalal and tamar stages. Foliar spraying with all growth regulators caused a significant increase in the weight of pulp in the khalal and tamar stages. With foliar application of Put, SA, GA, and especially NAA, cluster weight and yield percent showed a significant increase compared to the control at the tamar stage. In general, the percentage of fruit drop in the foliar application of all growth regulators in the hababouk + kimri stage was significantly higher compared to the foliar application in the kimri stage. Foliar spraying in the kimri stage significantly reduced the fruit drop compared to the control but foliar application of NAA, GA and SA in the hababouk + kimri stage significantly increased the fruit drop compared to the control. Foliar spraying of all plant growth regulators in the kimri and hababouk + kimri stages caused a significant decrease in the percentage of TSS as well as the percentage of total carbohydrates compared to the control in the khalal and tamar stages. Foliar spraying with all plant growth regulators in the kimri and hababouk + kimri stages caused a significant increase in the TA percentage in khalal stage compared to the control.
生长调节剂可以改善果树的品质和产量。本研究连续进行了两年，以评估在布什尔省一个棕榈研究站，在海枣果实的半干和全干阶段，采前喷施生长调节剂对椰枣（Phoenix dactylifera cv. 'Shahabi'）理化性质的影响。第一年，在果实膨大期对这些树的果串进行喷施，第二年在果实膨大期和硬核期+果实膨大期进行喷施，使用萘乙酸（NAA，100毫克/升）、赤霉素（GA，100毫克/升）、碘化钾（KI，100毫克/升）、水杨酸（SA，50毫克/升）、腐胺（Put，1.288×10毫克/升），并以蒸馏水作为对照。在果实膨大期对‘Shahabi’椰枣果穗进行所有植物生长调节剂的叶面喷施，与对照相比，对果实的长度、直径、重量和体积等性状没有显著影响，但在硬核期+果实膨大期用萘乙酸叶面喷施，在一定程度上用腐胺叶面喷施，在半干和全干阶段这些因素显著增加。在半干和全干阶段，用所有生长调节剂进行叶面喷施均使果肉重量显著增加。通过叶面喷施腐胺、水杨酸、赤霉素，尤其是萘乙酸，在全干阶段，果穗重量和产量百分比与对照相比显著增加。总体而言，在硬核期+果实膨大期进行所有生长调节剂的叶面喷施时，落果百分比比在果实膨大期进行叶面喷施时显著更高。与对照相比，在果实膨大期进行叶面喷施显著降低了落果率，但在硬核期+果实膨大期叶面喷施萘乙酸、赤霉素和水杨酸与对照相比显著增加了落果率。在果实膨大期和硬核期+果实膨大期进行所有植物生长调节剂的叶面喷施，与对照相比，在半干和全干阶段，可溶性固形物百分比以及总碳水化合物百分比显著降低。在果实膨大期和硬核期+果实膨大期进行所有植物生长调节剂的叶面喷施，与对照相比，在半干阶段总酸百分比显著增加
