de Wit Harriet, Hahn Evan, Smadi Shahd, Li Tang, Molla Hanna
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, 5841 S Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
Sci Rep. 2024 Dec 28;14(1):31312. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-82632-z.
Psychoactive drugs such as alcohol and stimulants are typically used in social settings such as bars, parties or small groups. Yet, relatively little is known about how social contexts affect responses to drugs, or how the drugs alter social interactions. It is possible that positive social contexts enhance the rewarding properties of drugs, perhaps increasing their potential for repeated use and abuse. In addition, drugs may enhance the rewarding effects of social interactions by increasing feelings of social closeness and connectedness. To examine these relations, we investigated the effects of several drugs (MDMA, methamphetamine, alcohol) on feelings of connection between two strangers engaged in a conversation. We also investigated feelings of connection between two participants who discussed either 'shallow' or deeper topics in two conversations, without any drugs. All four conditions: deeper conversations, MDMA, methamphetamine and alcohol significantly increased feelings of connection and closeness compared with control conditions (small talk or placebo). We postulate that these feelings of connection could contribute to the drugs' rewarding effects when the drugs are used in social contexts.
诸如酒精和兴奋剂等精神活性药物通常在酒吧、派对或小群体等社交场合使用。然而,关于社会环境如何影响对药物的反应,或者药物如何改变社会互动,我们所知相对较少。积极的社会环境有可能增强药物的奖赏特性,或许会增加其重复使用和滥用的可能性。此外,药物可能通过增强社会亲近感和联系感来提升社会互动的奖赏效果。为了研究这些关系,我们调查了几种药物(摇头丸、甲基苯丙胺、酒精)对两个正在交谈的陌生人之间的联系感的影响。我们还调查了在两场对话中讨论“肤浅”或更深入话题的两名参与者之间的联系感,且对话中未使用任何药物。与对照条件(闲聊或安慰剂)相比,所有四种情况:深入对话、摇头丸、甲基苯丙胺和酒精都显著增强了联系感和亲近感。我们推测,当这些药物在社交环境中使用时,这些联系感可能会促成药物的奖赏效果。