Mamun Abdullah Al, Geng Peiwu, Wang Shuanghu, Shao Chuxiao, Xiao Jian
Central Laboratory of The Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Lishui University, Lishui People's Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, China; Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
Central Laboratory of The Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Lishui University, Lishui People's Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, China.
Pharmacol Res. 2025 Jan;211:107559. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107559. Epub 2024 Dec 28.
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are complex neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by impairments in social interaction, communication and repetitive activities. Gut microbiota significantly influences behavior and neurodevelopment by regulating the gut-brain axis. This review explores gut microbiota-influenced treatments for ASD, focusing on their therapeutic applications and mechanistic insights. In addition, this review discusses the interactions between gut microbiota and the immune, metabolic and neuroendocrine systems, focusing on crucial microbial metabolites including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and several neurotransmitters. Furthermore, the review explores various therapy methods including fecal microbiota transplantation, dietary modifications, probiotics and prebiotics and evaluates their safety and efficacy in reducing ASD symptoms. The discussion shows the potential of customized microbiome-based therapeutics and the integration of multi-omics methods to understand the underlying mechanisms. Moreover, the review explores the intricate relationship between gut microbiota and ASD, aiming to develop innovative therapies that utilize the gut microbiome to improve the clinical outcomes of ASD patients. Microbial metabolites such as neurotransmitter precursors, tryptophan metabolites and SCFAs affect brain development and behavior. Symptoms of ASD are linked to changes in these metabolites. Dysbiosis in the gut microbiome may impact neuroinflammatory processes linked to autism, negatively affecting immune signaling pathways. Research indicates that probiotics and prebiotics can improve gut microbiota and alleviate symptoms in ASD patients. Fecal microbiota transplantation may also improve behavioral symptoms and restore gut microbiota balance. The review emphasizes the need for further research on gut microbiota modification as a potential therapeutic approach for ASD, highlighting its potential in clinical settings.
自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）是一种复杂的神经发育障碍，其特征在于社交互动、沟通和重复活动方面的损伤。肠道微生物群通过调节肠-脑轴显著影响行为和神经发育。本综述探讨了受肠道微生物群影响的ASD治疗方法，重点关注其治疗应用和机制见解。此外，本综述讨论了肠道微生物群与免疫、代谢和神经内分泌系统之间的相互作用，重点关注关键的微生物代谢产物，包括短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）和几种神经递质。此外，该综述还探讨了各种治疗方法，包括粪便微生物群移植、饮食调整、益生菌和益生元，并评估了它们在减轻ASD症状方面的安全性和有效性。讨论展示了基于定制微生物组的疗法以及整合多组学方法以理解潜在机制的潜力。此外，该综述探讨了肠道微生物群与ASD之间的复杂关系，旨在开发利用肠道微生物组改善ASD患者临床结局的创新疗法。神经递质前体、色氨酸代谢产物和SCFAs等微生物代谢产物会影响大脑发育和行为。ASD的症状与这些代谢产物的变化有关。肠道微生物组的生态失调可能会影响与自闭症相关的神经炎症过程，对免疫信号通路产生负面影响。研究表明，益生菌和益生元可以改善肠道微生物群并减轻ASD患者的症状。粪便微生物群移植也可能改善行为症状并恢复肠道微生物群平衡。该综述强调需要进一步研究将调节肠道微生物群作为ASD的一种潜在治疗方法，突出其在临床环境中的潜力。
