Expanding Ocular Care in the Emergency Department: A Comprehensive Review of the Utility of Point-of-Care Ultrasound for Ocular Emergencies.

A time-sensitive, sight-threatening ocular condition presenting at an emergency department can be safely diagnosed promptly by ocular ultrasonography (OUS). OUS is a quick, safe, and portable option for assessing severe tissue damage to the periorbital area. OUS can help identify patients who need immediate ophthalmology consultation in a busy setting or when direct ophthalmic examination is unavailable. This review describes the use of OUS to diagnose ocular emergencies, including the indications, anatomy, and conditions (e.g., retinal detachment, vitreous hemorrhage, papilledema, and endophthalmitis) for OUS. Based on the current literature, OUS shows high sensitivity and specificity. Future research should focus on standardizing the use of OUS in clinical practice.