Chen Heng, Guo Yuan, Lin Xianglong, Qi Xianchao
School of Management, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, China.
Front Public Health. 2024 Dec 13;12:1508467. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1508467. eCollection 2024.
In recent years, the frequency and intensity of natural disasters and public emergencies around the world have been steadily increasing. Emergency logistics plays an irreplaceable role in providing rapid material and service support in the aftermath of disasters. Therefore, systematically analyzing the differences in emergency logistics responsiveness across various regions of China and understanding their underlying causes are of great significance for optimizing emergency logistics systems and improving disaster responsiveness.
In order to identify the regional differences and causes of China's emergency logistics responsiveness under the impact of public emergencies, this paper pioneered the development of an index system for evaluating emergency logistics responsiveness. Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2012 to 2021, this paper used the entropy-weighted TOPSIS method to quantify the emergency logistics responsiveness of various regions in China. In addition, this study uses a panel quantile regression model to evaluate the differences in emergency logistics responsiveness in various regions of China under the impact of public emergencies, and the causes of regional differences are explored.
The research results show that: (1) China's emergency logistics responsiveness is upward, but the regional differences are expanding. (2) Compared with the central and eastern regions, the western region's emergency logistics responsiveness has continuously improved due to the expanding scale of public emergencies. However, the emergency logistics responsiveness of the eastern region has constantly been reduced due to the impact of public emergencies. In contrast, the central region has been reduced first and then improved. (3) The level of emergency logistics technology cannot effectively promote emergency logistics responsiveness. Under the impact of public emergencies, the labor input of the logistics industry cannot effectively meet the needs of emergency logistics activities. The administrative command method and the level of marketization inhibit emergency logistics responsiveness. The improvement of the social labor input level, urbanization level, logistics development level, and digitalization level can effectively promote emergency logistics responsiveness.
The above results show that China should pay attention to regional differences. Each region should rely on the existing logistics system and plan and build emergency logistics hubs according to the characteristics of emergencies in each region. Continue to strengthen regional exchanges and cooperation to narrow the gap in regional emergency logistics responsiveness. At the same time, this paper plays a driving role in China's joint emergency logistics rescue cooperation with other countries worldwide.
近年来，世界各地自然灾害和公共突发事件的发生频率和强度不断增加。应急物流在灾害发生后提供快速物资和服务支持方面发挥着不可替代的作用。因此，系统分析中国各地区应急物流响应能力的差异并了解其潜在原因，对于优化应急物流系统和提高灾害响应能力具有重要意义。
为了识别公共突发事件影响下中国应急物流响应能力的区域差异及原因，本文率先构建了应急物流响应能力评价指标体系。基于2012年至2021年中国30个省份的面板数据，本文采用熵权TOPSIS法对中国各地区的应急物流响应能力进行量化。此外，本研究使用面板分位数回归模型评估公共突发事件影响下中国各地区应急物流响应能力的差异，并探究区域差异的原因。
研究结果表明：（1）中国应急物流响应能力呈上升趋势，但区域差异在扩大。（2）与中部和东部地区相比，西部地区应急物流响应能力因公共突发事件规模扩大而不断提高。然而，东部地区应急物流响应能力因公共突发事件的影响而不断下降。相比之下，中部地区先下降后提高。（3）应急物流技术水平无法有效提升应急物流响应能力。在公共突发事件影响下，物流行业的劳动力投入无法有效满足应急物流活动的需求。行政指挥方式和市场化水平抑制了应急物流响应能力。社会劳动力投入水平、城市化水平、物流发展水平和数字化水平的提高能够有效提升应急物流响应能力。
上述结果表明中国应关注区域差异。各地区应依托现有物流体系，根据各地区突发事件特点规划建设应急物流枢纽。持续加强区域交流与合作，缩小区域应急物流响应能力差距。同时，本文对中国与世界其他国家开展联合应急物流救援合作起到推动作用。
