Osonuga A, Olufemi K, Osonuga O, Osonuga A, Okoye G, Osonuga A
Department of Nursing, Babcock University, Nigeria. Email address:
Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Nigeria.
West Afr J Med. 2024 Aug 30;41(8):868-873.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) significantly affects the quality of life (QoL), necessitating comprehensive management strategies. In resource-limited settings such as Nigeria, managing diabetes can be challenging due to limited access to medications, which impacts patients' QoL. Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) empowers patients through knowledge and skills, potentially improving their QoL. This study aimed to assess the impact of DSME on the QoL of T2DM patients in Nigeria.
A quasi-experimental (pre-test and post-test) design was employed at the Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital in Nigeria. Adult patients with uncomplicated T2DM who regularly attended the diabetic clinic were systematically sampled. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire covering demographics, QoL, self-monitoring knowledge, and self-management competence. A DSME program, including modules on nutrition, exercise, and foot care, was implemented. Pre- and post-intervention measurements were taken, and the data was analyzed.
The study revealed significant improvements in all QoL domains after the DSME intervention, including physical functioning, role-physical, bodily pain, general health, social functioning, role-emotional, and mental health (p<0.001 for most domains). Postintervention, self-management competence scores showed a significant increase (mean difference: -9.655, p<0.001), and fasting blood glucose levels decreased significantly following DSME (mean difference: 14.897 mg/dL, p<0.001). Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that DSME significantly enhanced post-intervention QoL scores (coefficient: 3.5054, p=0.001). Higher baseline QoL and education levels were positively associated with better outcomes.
The findings highlight that DSME significantly enhances the QoL, self-management competence, and glycemic control among T2DM patients in Nigeria. These results underscore the importance of structured educational interventions in diabetes care, particularly in resource-limited settings.
2型糖尿病（T2DM）严重影响生活质量（QoL），因此需要全面的管理策略。在尼日利亚等资源有限的地区，由于药物获取受限，糖尿病管理颇具挑战，这会影响患者的生活质量。糖尿病自我管理教育（DSME）通过知识和技能赋予患者力量，有可能改善他们的生活质量。本研究旨在评估DSME对尼日利亚T2DM患者生活质量的影响。
在尼日利亚奥labisi Onabanjo大学教学医院采用准实验（前测和后测）设计。对定期前往糖尿病诊所的成年非复杂性T2DM患者进行系统抽样。使用涵盖人口统计学、生活质量、自我监测知识和自我管理能力的结构化问卷收集数据。实施了一个DSME项目，包括营养、运动和足部护理模块。进行干预前和干预后的测量，并对数据进行分析。
研究显示，DSME干预后所有生活质量领域均有显著改善，包括身体功能、角色-身体、身体疼痛、总体健康、社会功能、角色-情感和心理健康（大多数领域p<0.001）。干预后，自我管理能力得分显著提高（平均差异：-9.655，p<0.001），DSME后空腹血糖水平显著降低（平均差异：14.897mg/dL，p<0.001）。多变量回归分析表明，DSME显著提高了干预后的生活质量得分（系数：3.5054，p=0.001）。较高的基线生活质量和教育水平与更好的结果呈正相关。
研究结果表明，DSME显著提高了尼日利亚T2DM患者的生活质量、自我管理能力和血糖控制。这些结果强调了结构化教育干预在糖尿病护理中的重要性，特别是在资源有限的地区。
