Ameliorative effect of venom against arthritic influence of Freund's complete adjuvant FCA in paw and ankle of male rats.

BACKGROUND

Pain and inflammation are closely associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which affects the bones and joints.

AIM

While there are a number of therapeutic options for arthritis, their side effects restrict their use and encourage the search for alternative, natural remedies.

METHODS

In male rats, we examined the anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic properties of venom (NHV). Thirty adult albino rats were divided into five equal groups, each consisting of six rats. The 1st group was kept as a control, while the 2nd group Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) received an injection of 0.05 ml of FCA for eight days to induce RA and inflammation. The 3rd group (FCA/NHVL) and the 4th group (FCA/NHVH) received an injection of FCA followed by an intraperitoneal injection of 0.042 µg/kg (low; L) and 0.085 µg/kg (high; H) of lyophilized NHV, respectively, for 14 days. The 5th group (FCA/Indomethacin) received an injection of FCA followed by an intraperitoneal injection of 0.25 mg indomethacin/kg for 14 days.

RESULTS

This study found that NHVH significantly increased the body's total antioxidant capacity after FCA while lowering the levels of interleukins IL-10 and IL-6, as well as the activity of genes that cause inflammation, like nuclear factor kappa B and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Furthermore, histological findings in NHVH groups showed a partial regeneration of the cartilage, bone, and synovium in the palm and ankle joint compartments.

CONCLUSION

All of our findings suggest that NHV has anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic qualities that may help repair the joint damaging components caused by FCA and restore cellular equilibrium.