Yin Xuemei, Sui Yinzi, Chu Zhengyan, Han Suqing, Ge Xiaodong, Liu Tingting, Zeng Feng, Chen Ligen, Shao Rong, Xu Wei
College of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China.
Clinical Pharmacy Department, Yancheng Second People's Hospital, Yancheng, China.
Front Nutr. 2024 Dec 16;11:1499196. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1499196. eCollection 2024.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) often leads to elevated blood glucose levels and lipid metabolism disorder, which is generally accompanied by dysbiosis of gut microbiota and metabolic dysfunction.
In this study, a mouse model of T2DM was established by feeding a high-fat/sucrose diet combined with injecting a low dose of streptozotocin. The aim of this study was to analyze the regulatory effect of Suaeda salsa extract (SSE) on T2DM and its effect on the intestinal flora of mice.
The results showed that SSE could significantly improve the body weight, fasting blood glucose (FBG), area under the curve (AUC) of the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), glycosylated serum protein (GSP) and islet function index. Moreover, 4-week body weight, FBG, AUC of OGTT, GSP, as well as intestinal acetic and butyric acid were significantly better in the SSE-L than in the MET group ( < 0.05). In addition, it was also found that the potential hypoglycemic mechanism of SSE was related to the expression of Akt serine/threonine kinase (AKT-1) and glucose transporter-2 (GLUT-2) genes. Compared with the model group, SSE intervention significantly increased the abundance of probiotics, such as , , and , while decreasing the relative abundance of harmful bacteria, such as and . Analysis of the correlation among intestinal microbiota, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and the hypoglycemic index showed that was significantly correlated with acetic, propionic and butyric acid, as well as all the diabetes-related indexes analyzed in this study.
Thus, this taxon can potentially be used as a microbiological marker of type 2 diabetes. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that SSE can alleviate T2DM and its complications by improving glycemia-related indicators and modulating the structure of intestinal flora.
2型糖尿病（T2DM）常导致血糖水平升高和脂质代谢紊乱，通常伴有肠道微生物群失调和代谢功能障碍。
在本研究中，通过喂食高脂/高糖饮食并注射低剂量链脲佐菌素建立T2DM小鼠模型。本研究的目的是分析盐地碱蓬提取物（SSE）对T2DM的调节作用及其对小鼠肠道菌群的影响。
结果表明，SSE可显著改善体重、空腹血糖（FBG）、口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）曲线下面积（AUC）、糖化血清蛋白（GSP）和胰岛功能指数。此外，SSE-L组的4周体重、FBG、OGTT的AUC、GSP以及肠道乙酸和丁酸均显著优于二甲双胍组（P<0.05）。此外，还发现SSE的潜在降糖机制与Akt丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶（AKT-1）和葡萄糖转运蛋白-2（GLUT-2）基因的表达有关。与模型组相比，SSE干预显著增加了益生菌的丰度，如双歧杆菌属、乳杆菌属、阿克曼菌属和拟杆菌属，同时降低了有害细菌的相对丰度，如肠杆菌属和肠球菌属。对肠道微生物群、短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）和降糖指数之间的相关性分析表明，阿克曼菌属与乙酸、丙酸和丁酸以及本研究中分析的所有糖尿病相关指标均显著相关。
因此，该分类群有可能用作2型糖尿病的微生物标志物。综上所述，这些发现表明，SSE可通过改善血糖相关指标和调节肠道菌群结构来缓解T2DM及其并发症。
