Mirhendi Hossein, Aboutalebian Shima, Jahanshiri Zahra, Rouhi Faezeh, Shidfar Mohammad-Reza, Chadeganipour Amir-Shayan, Shadzi Shahla, Kharazi Mahboobeh, Erami Mahzad, Rizi Mahnaz Hosseini
Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Mycology Reference Laboratory, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Mycoses. 2025 Jan;68(1):e70013. doi: 10.1111/myc.70013.
Trichophyton indotineae, formerly described as T. mentagrophytes rDNA-ITS genotype VIII, has recently been identified as a novel species within the T. mentagrophytes complex. It has rapidly replaced T. rubrum as the predominant dermatophyte. In this study, skin dermatophyte isolates collected from patients in Iran were sequence-analysed for species identification. Additionally, the current prevalence of T. indotineae was compared with data from the previous decade.
A total of 194 dermatophyte isolates were collected from patients in four cities across Iran between July and December 2023, with 73 isolates of the T. mentagrophytes complex from the past decade also included. DNA was extracted from fresh colonies, and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2 region was PCR-amplified and sequenced, followed by bioinformatic sequence analysis.
Out of the 194 dermatophyte isolates, 132 samples (68.04%) were identified as T. indotineae, followed by T. tonsurans (14.43%), T. rubrum (7.22%), Microsporum canis (4.64%), T. interdigitale (3.61%), T. mentagrophytes (1.55%) and Arthroderma benhamiae (0.51%). Sequence analysis of 73 isolates from the past decade showed T. indotineae as the most frequently identified species (43.83%), followed by T. interdigitale (32.88%), T. mentagrophytes (21.92%) and Nannizzia fulva (1.37%). These findings indicate an increasing prevalence of T. indotineae in Iran in recent years. We analysed 214 T. mentagrophytes/T. interdigitale isolates, identifying 164 as T. indotineae, including 26 with nucleotide variations. A phylogenetic tree highlighted the genetic diversity within the species complex.
The alarmingly high prevalence of the potentially drug-resistant species T. indotineae signals the necessity of continuous surveillance of skin dermatophytosis in the community.
印多蒂毛癣菌，以前被描述为须癣毛癣菌rDNA-ITS基因型VIII，最近被鉴定为须癣毛癣菌复合体内的一个新物种。它已迅速取代红色毛癣菌成为主要的皮肤癣菌。在本研究中，对从伊朗患者收集的皮肤癣菌分离株进行序列分析以进行物种鉴定。此外，将印多蒂毛癣菌的当前流行率与过去十年的数据进行了比较。
2023年7月至12月期间，从伊朗四个城市的患者中总共收集了194株皮肤癣菌分离株，还包括过去十年的73株须癣毛癣菌复合株。从新鲜菌落中提取DNA，对内部转录间隔区（ITS）1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2区域进行PCR扩增和测序，随后进行生物信息学序列分析。
在194株皮肤癣菌分离株中，132个样本（68.04%）被鉴定为印多蒂毛癣菌，其次是断发毛癣菌（14.43%）、红色毛癣菌（7.22%）、犬小孢子菌（4.64%）、指间毛癣菌（3.61%）、须癣毛癣菌（1.55%）和贝氏节皮菌（0.51%）。对过去十年的73株分离株进行序列分析显示，印多蒂毛癣菌是最常鉴定出的物种（43.83%），其次是指间毛癣菌（32.88%）、须癣毛癣菌（21.92%）和黄棕发癣菌（1.37%）。这些发现表明近年来伊朗印多蒂毛癣菌的流行率在上升。我们分析了214株须癣毛癣菌/指间毛癣菌分离株，鉴定出164株为印多蒂毛癣菌，其中26株有核苷酸变异。系统发育树突出了该物种复合体内的遗传多样性。
潜在耐药物种印多蒂毛癣菌的惊人高流行率表明有必要对社区中的皮肤癣菌病进行持续监测。
