Yu Jinxia, Chen Sunan, Yang Jie, Zhang Xiyan, Xue Hui, Ni Xiaoyan, Du Wei, Fan Lijun, Zhang Fengyun, Wang Yan
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
Department of Child and Adolescent Health Promotion, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China.
Public Health Nurs. 2025 Mar-Apr;42(2):754-761. doi: 10.1111/phn.13517. Epub 2024 Dec 31.
To investigate temporal trends in childhood and adolescent overweight/obesity in Jiangsu Province, China, evaluating the effects of age, period, and birth cohort.
Cross-sectional study.
Participants were 210,168 students aged 6-17 years from the five waves of the consecutive cross-sectional Jiangsu provincial surveillance project in 2017-2021.
Overweight/obesity was assessed according to the sex- and age-specific body mass index. We used age-period-cohort (APC) analysis to explore the temporal trends of overweight/obesity and to estimate the effects of age, period, and birth cohort on the prevalence.
The overall prevalence of overweight/obesity has increased from 32.08% to 38.60% between 2017 and 2021. The 6-9-year-old group and the 10-13-year-old group were significantly associated with a higher risk of overweight/obesity, in contrast to 14-17-year-olds. The pandemic was also significantly associated with a much higher risk. The cohort 2000-2003 was associated with higher risk, and such association continued until the cohort 2012-2015, denoting a significantly lower risk.
Despite an increasing trend in the prevalence of overweight/obesity, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, the latest cohort effect was significantly associated with a lower risk. We recommend continuous efforts on preventive interventions and more research about prevalence trends.
调查中国江苏省儿童和青少年超重/肥胖的时间趋势，评估年龄、时期和出生队列的影响。
横断面研究。
参与者为来自2017 - 2021年江苏省连续横断面监测项目五轮的210,168名6 - 17岁学生。
根据性别和年龄特异性体重指数评估超重/肥胖情况。我们使用年龄-时期-队列（APC）分析来探索超重/肥胖的时间趋势，并估计年龄、时期和出生队列对患病率的影响。
2017年至2021年期间，超重/肥胖的总体患病率从32.08%上升至38.60%。与14 - 17岁青少年相比，6 - 9岁组和10 - 13岁组超重/肥胖风险显著更高。疫情也与更高的风险显著相关。2000 - 2003年出生队列的风险更高，这种关联一直持续到2012 - 2015年出生队列，之后风险显著降低。
尽管超重/肥胖患病率呈上升趋势，尤其是在新冠疫情期间，但最新的队列效应与较低风险显著相关。我们建议持续开展预防性干预措施，并对患病率趋势进行更多研究。
