Van Doren Vanessa E, Ackerley Cassie G, Arthur Robert A, Murray Phillip M, Smith S Abigail, Hu Yi-Juan, Kelley Colleen F
The Hope Clinic of the Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 500 Irvin Court #200, 30030, Decatur, Georgia, United States.
Emory Integrated Computational Core, Emory University, Woodruff Memorial Research Building, Suite 7110, 101 Woodruff Circle, 30322, Atlanta, Georgia, United States.
Sci Rep. 2024 Dec 30;14(1):31598. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-80074-1.
Mucosal injury is common during consensual intercourse and induces an inflammatory response that could contribute to pathogen transmission including HIV. Here, we compared mucosal immune and microbiome responses to experimentally induced mucosal injury between men who have sex with men engaging in receptive anal intercourse (MSM-RAI) and men who do not engage in RAI (controls), all without HIV. Rectal mucosal secretions were collected from adult MSM-RAI (n = 19) and controls (n = 6) via anoscopy before and up to eight days after experimentally induced injury. Mucosal healing was evaluated by repeated injury surface area measurements with digital imaging. MSM-RAI demonstrated overall significantly higher concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines and a distinct rectal microbiome compared with controls. Wound healing was numerically faster in MSM-RAI but did not meet statistical significance (p = 0.09). Different cytokine injury response patterns were observed between MSM-RAI and controls; however, IL-6 and IP-10 were important mediators in both groups. Microbial guilds, particularly from the Lachnospiraceae and Prevotellaceae families, were associated with rectal mucosal inflammation. This work is the first experimental study of rectal mucosal injury and the immune environment in healthy humans and provides a more nuanced understanding of rectal mucosal inflammation after injury, which can inform our understanding of HIV transmission.
在双方自愿的性交过程中，黏膜损伤很常见，会引发炎症反应，这可能有助于包括艾滋病毒在内的病原体传播。在此，我们比较了进行接受性肛交的男男性行为者（MSM-RAI）和未进行接受性肛交的男性（对照组）在实验性诱导黏膜损伤后的黏膜免疫和微生物组反应，所有参与者均未感染艾滋病毒。在实验性诱导损伤前及损伤后长达八天，通过肛门镜检查从成年MSM-RAI（n = 19）和对照组（n = 6）收集直肠黏膜分泌物。通过数字成像重复测量损伤表面积来评估黏膜愈合情况。与对照组相比，MSM-RAI的促炎细胞因子总体浓度显著更高，且直肠微生物组不同。MSM-RAI的伤口愈合在数值上更快，但未达到统计学显著性（p = 0.09）。在MSM-RAI和对照组之间观察到不同的细胞因子损伤反应模式；然而，IL-6和IP-10在两组中都是重要的介质。微生物群落，特别是来自毛螺菌科和普雷沃氏菌科的微生物群落，与直肠黏膜炎症有关。这项工作是对健康人群直肠黏膜损伤和免疫环境的首次实验研究，为损伤后直肠黏膜炎症提供了更细致入微的理解，这有助于我们对艾滋病毒传播的理解。
