Yang Kuiliang, Zhang Han, Wang Yujin, Yan Yulin, Yang Zixian, Wan Shanshan, Yang Wanju, Yang Yanning
Eye Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
Aier Eye Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 481 Zhongshan Road, Wuhan, 430063, Hubei, China.
Sci Rep. 2024 Dec 30;14(1):32043. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-83795-5.
Dry Eye Disease (DED) is a common condition worldwide, with smoking being recognized as a possible aggravating factor. Although observational studies have indicated a potential correlation, the findings have been inconclusive. In the study, Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis is used to investigate this potential causal relationship. Adhering to STROBE-MR guidelines, a MR analysis was conducted using genetic instrumental variables from Genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The research investigated the impact of various smoking-related exposures (regular smoking, lifetime smoking, smoking intensity, and smoking cessation) on DED as an outcome. Three distinct methodologies were employed: the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, the MR-Egger method, and the weighted median (WM) method. To ensure the robustness of the MR results, sensitivity analyses were conducted. In MR analyses, it was observed that both lifetime smoking and regular smoking were associated with a significant increase in the risk of DED (IVW method: P < 0.05). The results indicated that the odds ratios (ORs) for lifetime smoking and regular smoking in relation to DED were 1.757 (95% CI 1.021-3.025) and 2.121 (95% CI 1.017-4.423), respectively. However, there was no significant correlation found between smoking intensity, cessation, and the risk of DED. This study presents genetic evidence indicating that long-term smoking could potentially be a causal risk factor for DED. Subsequent research will need to conduct specifically designed randomized controlled trials to further investigate this association.
干眼症（DED）是一种全球常见的病症，吸烟被认为是一个可能的加重因素。尽管观察性研究表明存在潜在关联，但研究结果尚无定论。在本研究中，采用孟德尔随机化（MR）分析来探究这种潜在的因果关系。遵循STROBE-MR指南，使用全基因组关联研究（GWAS）中的基因工具变量进行了MR分析。该研究调查了各种与吸烟相关的暴露因素（经常吸烟、终生吸烟、吸烟强度和戒烟）作为结果对干眼症的影响。采用了三种不同的方法：逆方差加权（IVW）法、MR-Egger法和加权中位数（WM）法。为确保MR结果的稳健性，进行了敏感性分析。在MR分析中，观察到终生吸烟和经常吸烟均与干眼症风险的显著增加相关（IVW法：P < 0.05）。结果表明，终生吸烟和经常吸烟与干眼症相关的优势比（OR）分别为1.757（95%CI 1.021 - 3.025）和2.121（95%CI 1.017 - 4.423）。然而，未发现吸烟强度、戒烟与干眼症风险之间存在显著相关性。本研究提供了基因证据，表明长期吸烟可能是干眼症的一个因果风险因素。后续研究需要进行专门设计的随机对照试验，以进一步探究这种关联。
