Kaur Rasanpreet, Pandey Swadha, Gupta Saurabh, Singh Jitendra
Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences & Humanities, GLA University, Chaumuhan, Mathura 281406, Uttar Pradesh, India; Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India.
Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences & Humanities, GLA University, Chaumuhan, Mathura 281406, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Exp Neurol. 2025 Mar;385:115134. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.115134. Epub 2024 Dec 29.
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a diverse neurodegenerative disease, is the leading cause of dementia, accounting for 60-80 % of all cases. The pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease is unknown, and there is no cure at this time. Recent developments in transcriptome-wide profiling have led to the identification of a number of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Among these, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs)-long transcripts that don't seem to be able to code for proteins-have drawn attention because they function as regulatory agents in a variety of biological processes. Recent research suggests that lncRNAs play a role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease by modulating tau hyperphosphorylation, amyloid production, synaptic impairment, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress, though their precise effects on the disorder are unknown. The biology and modes of action of the best-characterized lncRNAs in AD will be outlined here, with an emphasis on their possible involvement in the pathophysiology of the disease. As lncRNAs may offer prospective prognostic/diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the treatment of AD, a greater comprehension of the molecular processes and the intricate network of interactions in which they are implicated could pave the way for future research.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种多样的神经退行性疾病，是痴呆症的主要病因，占所有病例的60 - 80%。阿尔茨海默病的病理生理学尚不清楚，目前也没有治愈方法。转录组全谱分析的最新进展已导致鉴定出许多非编码RNA（ncRNA）。其中，长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）——似乎不能编码蛋白质的长转录本——因其在多种生物学过程中作为调节因子发挥作用而受到关注。最近的研究表明，lncRNA通过调节tau蛋白过度磷酸化、淀粉样蛋白生成、突触损伤、神经炎症、线粒体功能障碍和氧化应激，在阿尔茨海默病的发病机制中发挥作用，尽管它们对该疾病的确切影响尚不清楚。本文将概述AD中特征最明确的lncRNA的生物学和作用模式，重点关注它们可能参与该疾病病理生理学的情况。由于lncRNA可能为AD的治疗提供前瞻性的预后/诊断生物标志物和治疗靶点，更深入了解它们所涉及的分子过程和复杂的相互作用网络可能为未来的研究铺平道路。
