Khanna Ritu, Gobin Maya
The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Sex Transm Infect. 2025 May 19;101(4):259-268. doi: 10.1136/sextrans-2024-056259.
Individuals from Black African and Black Caribbean communities (black communities) in the UK bear a disproportionate burden of HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), while exhibiting lower testing rates. The aim of the scoping review was to summarise interventions developed to increase HIV/STI testing among black communities in the UK and describe the facilitators and barriers that influence testing uptake in these populations, according to the Capability Opportunity Motivation Behaviour (COM-B) approach.
Six databases were systematically searched to identify quantitative, qualitative and mixed-method studies evaluating the effectiveness of HIV/STI testing interventions among black communities in the UK, published from 2000 onwards. The review was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute Framework of Evidence Synthesis and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. Data were analysed using thematic analysis, and the factors were mapped onto the COM-B model components.
Twenty-two studies, of which 11 were available as abstracts only, were included. Twelve studies included testing provision and health promotion, six studies testing provision only and four health promotion only. Nineteen studies looked at HIV testing interventions only. Facilitators to testing included interventions that provided an understanding of STI and HIV risk, assured privacy for testers and normalised testing through integration into existing services and delivery in non-traditional settings by appropriately trained staff. Barriers to testing included interventions that were stigmatising through the choice of intervention settings and/or targeting of groups, low perceived risk and limited knowledge about infections among people from black communities, and limited engagement and partnership working with relevant community organisations and groups.
Multifaceted interventions that include health promotion and opportunities for testing, co-designed with and by local communities, are crucial in addressing the range of barriers and facilitators experienced by people from black communities.
在英国，来自非洲黑人社区和加勒比黑人社区（黑人社区）的人群承受着不成比例的艾滋病毒和性传播感染（STIs）负担，同时检测率较低。本范围综述的目的是总结为提高英国黑人社区艾滋病毒/性传播感染检测率而制定的干预措施，并根据能力-机会-动机-行为（COM-B）方法描述影响这些人群检测接受度的促进因素和障碍。
系统检索了六个数据库，以识别2000年以来发表的评估英国黑人社区艾滋病毒/性传播感染检测干预措施有效性的定量、定性和混合方法研究。该综述按照乔安娜·布里格斯循证综合研究所框架以及系统评价和元分析扩展版的范围综述首选报告项目指南进行。采用主题分析法对数据进行分析，并将这些因素映射到COM-B模型组件上。
纳入了22项研究，其中11项仅有摘要。12项研究包括检测服务提供和健康促进，6项研究仅涉及检测服务提供，4项研究仅涉及健康促进。19项研究仅关注艾滋病毒检测干预措施。检测的促进因素包括能够让人们了解性传播感染和艾滋病毒风险的干预措施、确保检测者隐私以及通过融入现有服务和由经过适当培训的工作人员在非传统环境中提供服务使检测常态化的干预措施。检测的障碍包括因干预措施设置的选择和/或目标人群定位而带有污名化的干预措施、黑人社区人群对感染的低感知风险和有限知识，以及与相关社区组织和团体的有限参与和合作。
与当地社区共同设计并由当地社区实施的包括健康促进和检测机会的多方面干预措施，对于解决黑人社区人群所经历的一系列障碍和促进因素至关重要。
