Ahmad Fauzi Nadhirah, Muhd-Syafi Abd Bari, Rosli Abdul Hadi, Wan Mahmud Sabri Wan Muhammad Najib, Jabbari Aidila Jesmin
Ophthalmology, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, MYS.
Paediatrics, Sultan Ahmad Shah Medical Centre, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, MYS.
Cureus. 2024 Nov 30;16(11):e74883. doi: 10.7759/cureus.74883. eCollection 2024 Nov.
Optic neuritis (ON) is defined as an acquired disorder of the optic nerve that may be associated with demyelinating diseases or infectious or inflammatory processes. In children, the manifestation of this condition differs from that in adults, where it typically presents with bilateral papillitis subsequent to a preceding viral illness. Nonetheless, the main concern for practitioners is the possibility of its conversion to multiple sclerosis (MS). In recent years, there has been increased awareness regarding differentiating MS from other demyelinating ON phenotypes, namely, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD). Despite the clinical similarities among these three entities, they vary in terms of pathophysiology, clinical course, treatment approaches, and prognostication. In this paper, we highlight the case of a child with MOGAD ON who was clinically severe at presentation and has typical features of ON and the appropriate investigation and treatment done to achieve complete visual recovery.
视神经炎（ON）被定义为一种后天性视神经疾病，可能与脱髓鞘疾病、感染或炎症过程相关。在儿童中，这种疾病的表现与成人不同，成人通常在先前病毒感染后出现双侧视乳头炎。尽管如此，从业者主要关注的是其转变为多发性硬化症（MS）的可能性。近年来，人们越来越意识到要将MS与其他脱髓鞘性视神经炎表型区分开来，即视神经脊髓炎谱系障碍（NMOSD）和髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白抗体相关疾病（MOGAD）。尽管这三种疾病在临床上有相似之处，但它们在病理生理学、临床病程、治疗方法和预后方面存在差异。在本文中，我们重点介绍了一名患有MOGAD相关性视神经炎的儿童病例，该患儿初诊时病情严重，具有典型的视神经炎特征，以及为实现完全视力恢复所做的适当检查和治疗。
