Miranda Amanda Loyse da Costa, Costa Vanessa Ladyanne da Silva, da Paixão Ana Rosa Tavares, Martins Melissa Barbosa, Polaro Sandra Helena Isse, Cunha Carlos Leonardo Figueiredo, Botelho Eliã Pinheiro, Pedroso Andrey Oeiras, Silva Ana Cristina de Oliveira E, Reis Renata Karina, Ferreira Glenda Roberta Oliveira Naiff
Graduate Program in Nursing at the Federal University of Pará (PPGENF/UFPA), Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil.
School of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (EERP/USP), São Paulo, Brazil.
Front Public Health. 2024 Dec 18;12:1503907. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1503907. eCollection 2024.
Access to healthcare services for the population with long COVID is a challenge, as healthcare systems have been tasked with responding effectively to the extensive clinical heterogeneity of this disease.
To analyze the factors associated with access to health services among people with long COVID in the Brazilian Amazon.
This is a cross-sectional study using a quantitative method, conducted through an online survey between May 2023 and January 2024. The study included participants aged 18 years or older, residing in the northern region of Brazil, with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 and who experienced long COVID. Participants completed an adapted version of the questionnaire on the Research Electronic Data Capture platform. Data were analyzed by multiple logistic regression.
A total of 364 people with long COVID participated in the study, of which only 167 (45.88%) had access to healthcare to treat the symptoms of this clinical condition. In the final multiple logistic regression model, only factors related to the need for services were associated with healthcare access. Participants with symptoms of dermatological alterations (AOR = 2.57; = 0.01), a pre-COVID-19 diagnosis of chronic disease (AOR = 5.62; = 0.04), those who treated their most severe COVID-19 infection with the assistance of a healthcare professional (AOR = 4.97; = 0.01), and those who used antibiotics during their most severe COVID-19 infection (AOR = 3.24; = 0.01) were more likely to access healthcare services for treating long COVID.
Factors related to the need for services were the only ones associated in this population. It is important to know these aspects to identify the most affected populations and propose measures.
对于患有长期新冠的人群而言，获得医疗保健服务是一项挑战，因为医疗系统的任务是有效应对这种疾病广泛的临床异质性。
分析巴西亚马逊地区长期新冠患者获得医疗服务的相关因素。
这是一项采用定量方法的横断面研究，于2023年5月至2024年1月通过在线调查进行。该研究纳入了年龄在18岁及以上、居住在巴西北部地区、确诊感染新冠病毒且患有长期新冠的参与者。参与者在研究电子数据采集平台上完成了一份改编后的问卷。数据通过多元逻辑回归进行分析。
共有364名长期新冠患者参与了该研究，其中只有167人（45.88%）能够获得医疗服务来治疗这种临床状况的症状。在最终的多元逻辑回归模型中，只有与服务需求相关的因素与获得医疗服务有关。有皮肤改变症状的参与者（调整后比值比[AOR]=2.57；P=0.01）、新冠病毒感染前被诊断患有慢性病的参与者（AOR=5.62；P=0.04）、在医疗专业人员协助下治疗最严重新冠病毒感染的参与者（AOR=4.97；P=0.01）以及在最严重新冠病毒感染期间使用过抗生素的参与者（AOR=3.24；P=0.01）更有可能获得治疗长期新冠的医疗服务。
在这一人群中，与服务需求相关的因素是唯一相关的因素。了解这些方面对于确定受影响最严重的人群并提出措施很重要。
