Godinho Fernanda Marques, de Lima Bermann Thales, de Oliveira Mayara Mota, Barcellos Regina Bones, Ruivo Amanda Pellenz, de Melo Viviane Horn, Dos Santos Franciellen Machado, Bauermann Milena, Selayaran Taina Machado, Dos Santos Soares Taina, Sesterheim Patrícia, Baethgen Ludmila Fiorenzano, Da Rocha Fernanda Maria, Amaral Karine Medeiros, Delela Fernanda Crestina Leitenski, Mondini Renata Petzhold, Vizeu Sabrina, Gregianini Tatiana Schäffer, da Veiga Ana Beatriz Gorini, da Luz Wallau Gabriel, Salvato Richard Steiner
Centro Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde, Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, do Sul, Brazil.
Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Pathog Glob Health. 2025 Feb-Mar;119(1-2):1-9. doi: 10.1080/20477724.2024.2447967. Epub 2025 Jan 2.
Mpox is a zoonotic viral disease caused by the (MPXV). Human cases have been mainly restricted to the African continent until the worldwide multi-country outbreak unfolded in 2022. We reconstructed epidemiological links of 53 MPXV infections using genomic epidemiology in Rio Grande do Sul State, southern Brazil, during 2022 and 2023. We detected five well-supported clades, three representing local transmission chains that were mostly restricted to the 2022 virus spread, one supported year-long maintenance encompassing samples from 2022 and 2023, and one new importation from Europe in 2023. Our results provide new insights into the geographic extent of community transmission and its association with viral diversity during the more pronounced 2022 mpox upsurge and during the following lower incidence phase. These findings highlight the power of continued genomic surveillance to uncover hidden transmission chains to understand viral dynamics and inform public health responses. The detection of sustained transmission in the state is important to guide targeted control measures to curtail further community and international transmission and highlight the need for maintaining genomic surveillance efforts.
猴痘是一种由猴痘病毒（MPXV）引起的人畜共患病毒性疾病。在2022年全球多国爆发疫情之前，人类病例主要局限于非洲大陆。我们利用基因组流行病学方法，重建了2022年和2023年巴西南部南里奥格兰德州53例猴痘病毒感染的流行病学联系。我们检测到五个得到充分支持的进化枝，其中三个代表主要局限于2022年病毒传播的本地传播链，一个支持涵盖2022年和2023年样本的全年持续传播，还有一个是2023年从欧洲新传入的。我们的研究结果为2022年猴痘疫情更显著爆发期间以及随后发病率较低阶段的社区传播地理范围及其与病毒多样性的关联提供了新的见解。这些发现凸显了持续进行基因组监测对于揭示隐藏传播链以了解病毒动态并为公共卫生应对提供信息的作用。在该州检测到持续传播对于指导针对性控制措施以减少进一步的社区传播和国际传播很重要，并凸显了维持基因组监测工作的必要性。
