Chen Yanping, Xiong Ruilin, Zhang Jian, Yang Shaopeng, Li Huangdong, Zhu Ziyu, Wang Peiyuan, He Mingguang, Zheng Yingfeng, Wang Wei
State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China.
School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2025 Jan 2;66(1):2. doi: 10.1167/iovs.66.1.2.
To investigate the 10-year changes in visual function and incidence of visual impairment (VI) in highly myopic eyes.
This longitudinal study enrolled highly myopic individuals who were followed up for 10 years. All participants underwent detailed ophthalmic examinations at baseline and follow-up visits. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was measured using Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study protocol, and visual field (VF) was assessed with standard automatic perimetry.
A total of 568 highly myopic eyes (284 participants) were included, with mean baseline age of 22.49 ± 13.07 years, spherical equivalent refraction (SER) of -9.72 ± 3.02 D, and axial length of 27.39 ± 1.53 mm. Over 10 years, the mean BCVA loss was -0.06 logMAR (95% confidence internal [CI], 0.05-0.07). The mean change rates in mean deviation (MD) and pattern standard deviation over time were -0.07 dB/y (95% CI, -0.08 to -0.06) and 0.036 dB/y (95% CI, 0.028 to 0.044), respectively. The 10-year incidence of monocular moderate and severe VI (MSVI), per World Health Organization (WHO) and US criteria, was 3.52% (95% CI, 2.16%-5.39%) and 6.35% (95% CI, 4.46%-8.72%). Higher MSVI incidence, defined by WHO and US criteria, was associated with more myopic SER and lower baseline MD. Additionally, higher US-defined MSVI incidence was correlated with worse baseline BCVA.
In a highly myopic population, both BCVA and VF deteriorated over time, with increasing MSVI incidence. Raising public awareness of vision risks linked to high myopia and implementing strategies to reduce the burden in high-risk individuals are essential.
研究高度近视眼中视觉功能的10年变化及视力损害（VI）的发生率。
这项纵向研究纳入了随访10年的高度近视个体。所有参与者在基线和随访时均接受了详细的眼科检查。使用糖尿病视网膜病变早期治疗研究方案测量最佳矫正视力（BCVA），并采用标准自动视野计评估视野（VF）。
共纳入568只高度近视眼（284名参与者），平均基线年龄为22.49±13.07岁，等效球镜度（SER）为-9.72±3.02 D，眼轴长度为27.39±1.53 mm。在10年期间，平均BCVA损失为-0.06 logMAR（95%置信区间[CI]，0.05 - 0.07）。平均偏差（MD）和模式标准差随时间的平均变化率分别为-0.07 dB/年（95% CI，-0.08至-0.06）和0.036 dB/年（95% CI，0.028至0.044）。根据世界卫生组织（WHO）和美国标准，单眼中度和重度VI（MSVI）的10年发生率分别为3.52%（95% CI，2.16% - 5.39%）和6.35%（95% CI，4.46% - 8.72%）。WHO和美国标准定义的较高MSVI发生率与更高度数的SER和更低的基线MD相关。此外，美国定义的较高MSVI发生率与更差的基线BCVA相关。
在高度近视人群中，BCVA和VF均随时间恶化，MSVI发生率增加。提高公众对与高度近视相关的视力风险的认识并实施减轻高危个体负担的策略至关重要。
