Verma Kuldip Chandra, Giri Kumkum, Verma Sanjay Kumar, Tamta Pawanesh, Joshi Nidhi
Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar (U. S. Nagar), Uttarakhand, India.
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar (U. S. Nagar), Uttarakhand, India.
Int J Radiat Biol. 2025;101(3):314-326. doi: 10.1080/09553002.2024.2445580. Epub 2025 Jan 2.
Buckwheat, a dicotyledonous crop of Polygonaceae family, is known for its nutritional value and adaptability to adverse climates. Local people reported that prolonged consumption of buckwheat seeds and leaves causes numbness and gastrointestinal problems. The present study was conducted to observe the impact of different doses of γ-radiations on phytoconstituents of buckwheat seeds and leaves, to make them nutritionally superior.
Buckwheat seeds were treated with 5, 10, 15 and 20 kGy doses of γ-radiations and grown in an experimental farm. Various phytoconstituents in seeds and leaves were analyzed.
The antioxidant, phenol, flavonoid, β-carotene, iron, calcium, lysine and arginine were increased significantly (<5%) with increasing doses of γ-radiations up to 10 kGy, whereas, anti-nutrients (tannin, phytic acid and oxalate) decreased significantly (<5%). γ-radiation @ 10 kGy is the best for the enhancement of phytoconstituents in buckwheat seeds from a nutrition point of view. Phytoconstituents in buckwheat leaves and irradiated seed progeny were positively co-related with M1 seeds.
It can be concluded that the buckwheat seeds treated with a 10 kGy dose of γ-radiation are the best to produce green leaves as hara saag, and progeny seeds for preparation of flour. However, superior mutant selection and effect of by-products from γ-irradiated buckwheat seeds is the thrust area of future research.
荞麦是蓼科的双子叶作物，以其营养价值和对恶劣气候的适应性而闻名。当地人报告称，长期食用荞麦种子和叶子会导致麻木和肠胃问题。本研究旨在观察不同剂量的γ射线对荞麦种子和叶子植物成分的影响，使其在营养方面更具优势。
用5、10、15和20千戈瑞剂量的γ射线处理荞麦种子，并在试验农场种植。对种子和叶子中的各种植物成分进行了分析。
随着γ射线剂量增加至10千戈瑞，抗氧化剂、酚类、黄酮类、β-胡萝卜素、铁、钙、赖氨酸和精氨酸显著增加（<5%），而抗营养物质（单宁、植酸和草酸盐）显著减少（<5%）。从营养角度来看，10千戈瑞的γ射线最有利于提高荞麦种子中的植物成分。荞麦叶和辐照种子后代中的植物成分与M1种子呈正相关。
可以得出结论，用10千戈瑞剂量的γ射线处理的荞麦种子最适合生产作为绿菜食用的叶子，以及用于制作面粉的后代种子。然而，优良突变体的选择以及γ辐照荞麦种子副产品的影响是未来研究的重点领域。
