de Maio Nascimento Marcelo, Ihle Andreas, Gouveia Élvio Rúbio, Gonzalez Ricardo Hugo, Marques Adilson
Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, 56304-205, Brazil.
Swiss Center of Expertise in Life Course Research LIVES, 1227, Carouge, Switzerland.
Geroscience. 2025 Jan 3. doi: 10.1007/s11357-024-01469-6.
This study aimed to investigate the moderating effect of frailty on the relationship between cognition and symptoms of depression in individuals aged ≥65 and to explore differences between four European regions (West, North, South, and East). A cross-sectional analysis was conducted with 29,094 participants (16,365 women) from 27 countries, aged ≥65 years, who responded to wave 8 of the SHARE project. The variables analysed were depression (12-item EURO-D scale), frailty, and a general cognition index (CogId). A higher CogId was associated with less depression. Western and Northern European countries indicated better cognitive performance, lower depression symptomology, and frailty scores than those in the South and East. A pre-frail and frail status was a significant moderator, increasing the association between depression and cognition in the East, South, North, and West regions, respectively. The interaction effects between CogId and frailty were found in the West and East regions. Comparatively, the moderating role of frailty in countries in the Western region differed significantly from those in the North. In turn, countries in the South and East differed from those in the North region. Frailty was a moderator of depression symptoms, increasing its association with cognition. Strategies to prevent frailty are important to reduce the burden of depression and cognitive deficits in Europe.
本研究旨在调查衰弱对65岁及以上个体认知与抑郁症状之间关系的调节作用，并探索四个欧洲地区（西部、北部、南部和东部）之间的差异。对来自27个国家、年龄≥65岁且对SHARE项目第8轮调查做出回应的29,094名参与者（16,365名女性）进行了横断面分析。分析的变量包括抑郁（12项EURO-D量表）、衰弱和一般认知指数（CogId）。较高的CogId与较少的抑郁相关。与南部和东部国家相比，西欧和北欧国家的认知表现更好，抑郁症状和衰弱得分更低。虚弱前期和虚弱状态是一个显著的调节因素，分别增加了东部、南部、北部和西部地区抑郁与认知之间的关联。在西部和东部地区发现了CogId与衰弱之间的交互作用。相比之下，衰弱在西部地区国家的调节作用与北部地区显著不同。反过来，南部和东部地区的国家与北部地区的国家也有所不同。衰弱是抑郁症状的一个调节因素，增加了其与认知的关联。预防衰弱的策略对于减轻欧洲抑郁症和认知缺陷的负担很重要。
