Galetti Sonja C, Gadoth Adva, Halbrook Megan, Tobin Nicole H, Ferbas Kathie G, Rimoin Anne W, Aldrovandi Grace M
Department of Epidemiology, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Vaccine. 2025 Feb 6;46:126661. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126661. Epub 2025 Jan 2.
In recent years, human mpox has made multiple resurges, prompting public health professionals to consider factors that lead to the increased risk for the reemergence of other orthopoxviruses. Due to the genetic similarity between orthopoxviruses, vaccinia vaccines used to prevent smallpox transmission are also indicated and have been used for mpox infection prevention and control. In this study, cross-reactive immunity for mpox was observed among individuals with self-reported history of smallpox vaccination. Differences in mean antigen response among individuals vaccinated in childhood and adulthood versus individuals vaccinated in childhood only were also observed, supporting the hypothesis that childhood smallpox vaccination may not be sufficient in providing long-lasting protection against multiple orthopoxviruses. These results provide insight on the durability of mpox immunogenic proteins and can be used to inform future studies to assess the benefits of reestablishing vaccinia vaccines as standard recommended immunizations, particularly where orthopoxviruses, such as mpox, are endemic.
近年来，人类猴痘多次卷土重来，促使公共卫生专业人员思考导致其他正痘病毒重新出现风险增加的因素。由于正痘病毒之间存在基因相似性，过去用于预防天花传播的牛痘疫苗也被证明可用于预防和控制猴痘感染。在本研究中，有天花疫苗接种史的个体中观察到了对猴痘的交叉反应性免疫。还观察到儿童期和成年期接种疫苗的个体与仅在儿童期接种疫苗的个体之间平均抗原反应的差异，这支持了以下假设：儿童期天花疫苗接种可能不足以提供针对多种正痘病毒的长期保护。这些结果为猴痘免疫原性蛋白的持久性提供了见解，可用于为未来的研究提供信息，以评估重新将牛痘疫苗作为标准推荐免疫接种的益处，特别是在猴痘等正痘病毒流行的地区。
